arXiv Machine Learning By Sebastian Doerrich, Francesco Di Salvo, Shyam Nandan Rai, Marco Lents, Christian Ledig

Simple, Safe, and Overlooked: Reclaiming Sustainable Domain Generalization with Statistical Color Matching

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The paper introduces Colorist, a data‑augmentation method that uses classical statistical color matching to generate domain‑shifted medical images. By applying global mean‑standard‑deviation matching in RGB space, Colorist creates structurally intact variations without neural networks, outperforming deep generative models in fidelity and color alignment. Across multiple medical imaging datasets, it boosts balanced accuracy by up to 9% over state‑of‑the‑art domain‑generalization regularizers and 13% over no augmentation, while reducing computational cost and preserving anatomical structure.

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