arXiv Machine Learning By Chuanzhen Wang, Alice Zhang, Wei Chen, Michael Brown

Graph-Based Modeling of Financial Volatility Dynamics

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The paper introduces the Finance‑Aware Graph Spatio‑Temporal Network (FA‑GSTN) for forecasting realized volatility by treating the implied volatility surface as a dynamic graph. Nodes represent grid points on the surface, with edges capturing adaptive intra‑day spatial and explicit inter‑day temporal relationships, while finance‑aware node features (e.g., option Greeks) and a multi‑scale temporal smoothing gate address high‑frequency noise. Experiments on a large equity options dataset show FA‑GSTN achieves state‑of‑the‑art predictive accuracy (R² up to 0.473) and outperforms Vision Transformer baselines even with only one year of training data, demonstrating robustness during market stress.

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