arXiv Computation and Language September 4, 2026 By Yelingyun Zhang, Atis Kapenieks, Marina Platonova

Fixed Suffix Dependency Ratio: Quantifying the Dual-Track Mechanism of Gender Assignment in Latvian Loanwords

Read the original on arXiv Computation and Language →

The paper introduces the Fixed Suffix Dependency Ratio (FSDR) as a metric to measure how much loanwords depend on fixed derivational suffixes for gender assignment. Analyzing 1,832 Latvian noun lemmas, it finds that feminine loanwords rely more on fixed suffixes while masculine loanwords are largely free‑choice, a pattern that has intensified in recent usage. FSDR offers a quantitative tool for distinguishing morphological anchoring from default gender in language contact scenarios.

Machine-generated by The Flow from the publisher's headline and feed description — not written or checked by a human. The full article lives at arXiv Computation and Language.

Hugging Face Trending Papers

Sep 3

Fixed Suffix Dependency Ratio: Quantifying the Dual-Track Mechanism of Gender Assignment in Latvian Loanwords

The paper introduces the Fixed Suffix Dependency Ratio (FSDR) as a metric to measure how much loanwords depend on fixed derivational suffixes for gender assignment. Analyzing 1,832 Latvian noun lemmas, it finds that feminine loanwords rely more on fixed suffixes, whereas masculine loanwords are more often assigned freely, a pattern that has intensified in recent usage. This asymmetry highlights a dual-track mechanism in gender assignment under language contact.

arXiv AI

Sep 1

Man Made Language Models? Evaluating LLMs' Perpetuation of Masculine Generics Bias

arXiv:2502.10577v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Instruct-based large language models (LLMs) have been shown to propagate and even amplify gender bias when prompted with contextually constra...

By Enzo Doyen, Amalia Todirascu

llms safety

arXiv Computation and Language

Sep 1

Causal Interventions Reveal Typologically Organized Syntactic Mechanisms in Multilingual Language Models

arXiv:2608.28924v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Linguistic theory has long recognized cross-linguistic syntactic regularities, leading to claims that these similar structures are processed by similar...

By Sasha Boguraev, Toshiki Nakai, Kyle Mahowald, Julius Steuer

llms safety

Hugging Face Trending Papers

Jul 6

The syntax of wh-agreement in Yemeni Ibbi Arabic

This article tackles an important phenomenon in the syntax of Yemeni Ibbi Arabic (YIA), viz. , wh-agreement, a phenomenon common to several languages including Greek, Indonesian, Lubukusu, Irish, etc.

arXiv AI

Aug 11

Mitigating Gender Bias in English to Romanian Machine Translation

arXiv:2608. 08606v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine translation (MT) systems often fail to correctly translate gender, especially when converting from a gender-neutral language like English to a gendered target language such as Romanian.

By Ioana Grigore, Sergiu Nisioi

llms nlp fine-tuning benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Estimating Grammatical Gender Directions in Contextual Embeddings under Controlled and Natural Contexts

arXiv:2606. 30152v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Contextual language models conflate grammatical gender and social semantic bias in gendered languages such as Spanish.

By Huanping Xiao, Yingji Li

llms rag safety

One email a morning, machine-written

Related stories

Fixed Suffix Dependency Ratio: Quantifying the Dual-Track Mechanism of Gender Assignment in Latvian Loanwords

Man Made Language Models? Evaluating LLMs' Perpetuation of Masculine Generics Bias

Causal Interventions Reveal Typologically Organized Syntactic Mechanisms in Multilingual Language Models

The syntax of wh-agreement in Yemeni Ibbi Arabic

Mitigating Gender Bias in English to Romanian Machine Translation

Estimating Grammatical Gender Directions in Contextual Embeddings under Controlled and Natural Contexts