PersonaForge is a user‑simulation framework that generates realistic multi‑turn interactions between users and agentic systems, addressing the gap that most training data assumes single‑turn queries. It uses a four‑dimensional persona space, SOUL‑driven behavioral control calibrated to real‑user statistics, and Reverse Deep Construction from authentic seed queries to create a 6.3K‑record training set and a 138‑task benchmark called PersonaForge‑Bench across 20 professional domains. Experiments with Qwen3.5‑27B show that training with PersonaForge improves composite scores by 4.1%, especially in Task Completion (+6.0%) and Response Quality (+6.8%), while also reducing turns and tool calls, indicating more efficient interactions.
arXiv:2605.12894v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in settings where they interact with diverse users, including those who are uncle...
The paper introduces Calibrated User Embeddings (CUE), a framework that encodes real user sessions into continuous representations and decodes them into persona commands to steer large language models (LLMs) as user simulators without additional training. CUE enables user-conditioned replay of past interactions and generates novel personas that better align with real-user success rates and failure patterns. Evaluations on the τ²‑Bench dataset show that CUE‑driven simulators commit fewer simulator‑attributed errors, more accurately reproduce real‑user failure modes, and maintain competitive user fidelity across various tasks and LLMs.
The paper introduces a three-tier persona vector to generate diverse, realistic user inputs for evaluating tool-augmented LLM agents. The vector includes 23 dimensions: categorical demographics, continuous behavioral traits, and continuous emotional states, plus a query-complexity overlay. Experiments on 64,698 conversations show that these persona dimensions produce measurable differences in agent performance and realistic scenario-reactive behavior.
The paper introduces a three-tier persona vector for user simulation in evaluating LLM agents, comprising 23 dimensions across demographics, behavioral traits, and emotional states, plus a query-complexity overlay. It demonstrates that these nuanced personas generate diverse, scenario-reactive conversations, leading to significant variations in agent goal achievement and compliance across different contexts. The model’s design allows for reproducible, auditable user behavior patterns without relying on learned covariance matrices.
MIMESIS is a user simulator designed to train interactive language agents by mimicking real user behavior. It is trained on human conversations with explicit reasoning supervision and incorporates 13 realistic behavioral patterns. Experiments show that agents trained with MIMESIS outperform those trained with GPT-5.5 across multiple unseen simulators, and the proposed Coached On-Policy Self-Distillation further improves agent performance by providing dense, token-level supervision.
arXiv:2606. 16307v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training tool-augmented LLM agents requires large corpora of multi-turn, tool-grounded conversational data that is expensive to annotate, privacy-constrained in production settings, and largely absent from public datasets.
arXiv:2507. 09788v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLM) have led to a new class of autonomous agents, renewing and expanding interest in the area.
arXiv:2602. 11351v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Proactive large language model (LLM) agents aim to actively plan, query, and interact over multiple turns, enabling efficient task completion beyond passive instruction following and making them essential for real-world, user-centric applications.
arXiv:2606. 14199v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are increasingly deployed as human simulators for interactive evaluation and social simulation.
arXiv:2607. 27816v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Role-playing agents (RPAs) have become one of the most important consumer applications of large language models.
arXiv:2608. 04205v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human evaluation of AI systems and digital products is costly, slow, and difficult to scale.
The paper introduces user simulators that provide intrinsic feedback by incorporating latent evaluation states such as internal thoughts, reactions, and scalar ratings. These simulators, trained on real user–assistant interaction logs, outperform prompted baselines in realism and critiquing behaviors, and their turn‑level evaluations better align with human judgments. Additionally, the intrinsic feedback serves as an effective reward signal for multi‑turn reinforcement learning, reducing compute requirements by over 50% compared to setups using external judge LLMs.