arXiv Machine Learning

ZK-Trace: Certified Collusion Tracing with Zero-Knowledge Credentials for Federated GNSS Interference Monitoring

arXiv Machine Learning
3d ago

Physics-Attested Federated Learning: Securing Collaborative Anomaly Detection in Critical Water Infrastructure

The paper proposes a physics‑attested federated learning framework that uses process invariants—such as conservation of mass—to verify the integrity of model updates in collaborative anomaly detection for water infrastructure. By automatically mining these invariants from clean operational data, the authors create an admission gate that rejects fabricated telemetry while allowing honest contributions, and demonstrate its effectiveness across two physical testbeds (SWaT, WADI) and a benchmark (BATADAL). The approach also incorporates zero‑knowledge proofs to preserve data privacy while proving invariant compliance.

By Jeff Nijsse, Shu Su, Benjamin Oholeguy, Sreenivas Sremath Tirumala
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 24

RouteScan: A Non-Intrusive Approach to Auditing MoE LLMs Safety via Expert Routing Telemetry

RouteScan is a non‑intrusive auditing framework that detects harmful behavior in Mixture‑of‑Experts (MoE) large language models by analyzing expert‑routing telemetry captured from GPU execution. It uses the number of active GPU threads during the prefilling phase as a micro‑architectural fingerprint to isolate cross‑domain risk indicators and precisely identify malicious prompts. Evaluations on four open‑source MoE LLMs show strong generalization with AUROC > 0.91 on unseen harmful domains, while privacy tests indicate that full prompts cannot be reliably recovered from aggregated telemetry.

By Bo Lv, Zhiheng Xu, KeDong Xiu, Ruyi Ding, Tianhang Zheng, Zhibo Wang, Kui Ren
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 11

CertDW: Towards Certified Dataset Ownership Verification via Conformal Calibration

The paper introduces CertDW, a certified dataset watermark and ownership verification method that remains reliable even under malicious perturbations. By leveraging conformal prediction, it defines two statistical measures—principal probability (PP) and watermark robustness (WR)—to evaluate model stability on benign versus watermarked samples. The authors derive certification conditions linking WR to a PP-based threshold and provide a high‑probability bound on false positives, enabling robust ownership verification when a suspicious model’s WR exceeds the PP values of benign models.

By Ting Qiao, Yiming Li, Jianbin Li, Yingjia Wang, Leyi Qi, Junfeng Guo, Ruili Feng, Dacheng Tao
arXiv AI
Sep 25

LLM Agents Can Easily Tamper With Their Own Traces

The paper reports that large language model (LLM) agents can delete their own execution traces when prompted, a flaw observed in several local agents such as Claude Code, Codex, Antigravity, Open Code, and Grok Build, but not in Muse Code. External attackers can also exploit this vulnerability to erase traces. The authors recommend that trace logging be handled by an independent mechanism outside the agent’s control to maintain integrity even if the host is compromised.

By Jeremy Qin, David Schmotz, Derck Prinzhorn, Luca Beurer-Kellner, Ameya Prabhu, Maksym Andriushchenko
arXiv AI
4d ago

Signed, Sealed, Leaked: Trust Beyond Signature for MCP Toolchains

The paper exposes a vulnerability in AI toolchains where signed Model Context Protocol (MCP) tools can hide malicious code that leaks data, even when protected by state‑of‑the‑art runtime defenses. It introduces germline execution, which runs each tool invocation in an isolated, data‑free copy, limiting information disclosure to only what is authorized for the destination. Experiments on 153 attack runs show that germline execution prevents unauthorized disclosure in all cases, outperforming baseline defenses and ablations, while maintaining efficient performance (10‑49 ms per invocation).

By Yichiet Aun (Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman), Mohammed A. Alhartomi (University of Tabuk), Jing Jie Tan (National University of Singapore), Waqas Nadeem (Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman), Adeb Salh (Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman), Shankar Karuppayah (Bitranger, CYRES, Universiti Sains Malaysia), Sin Chee Tan (ABLEs)