arXiv:2609.23815v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical image segmentation models typically rely on large amounts of densely annotated volumetric data, limiting their scalability across tasks and ima...
Semi-supervised histopathology segmentation is challenging due to scarce annotations and unreliable pseudo-labels in ambiguous gland regions. To address this problem, we propose Confidence-Guided Diffusion Refinement (CoDiR), a semi-supervised framework that combines a Mean Teacher segmentation model with diffusion-based pseudo-label refinement.
The paper presents a semi‑supervised biomedical image segmentation method that uses a diffusion‑based teacher–student framework. The teacher is pretrained via unsupervised diffusion reconstruction and then co‑trained with a student, leveraging supervised labels and cross pseudo‑supervision on unlabeled data. A multi‑round extension generates multiple stochastic reconstructions to further refine pseudo‑labels, achieving competitive or superior results on several 2D and 3D biomedical datasets, especially when labels are scarce.
arXiv:2608.30844v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Interactive lesion segmentation in whole-body PET/CT requires a model to provide a strong initial prediction while also responding efficiently to spa...
arXiv:2609.25850v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep learning performance generally improves with increasing training data, yet this scaling is fundamentally constrained by annotation cost in large-s...
arXiv:2610.32377v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The quality of the teacher label has a dramatic impact on the outcome of the machine learning process. Medical image segmentation often suffers from a...
The paper proposes a two‑stage learning framework for multi‑organ segmentation that handles partially annotated datasets and domain shifts. First, the model learns accurate segmentations from available annotations to build robust feature representations. Second, it introduces learnable organ prototypes and a Sinkhorn‑triplet loss to enforce organ‑wise feature consistency across datasets, keeping embeddings of the same organ close while separating different organs, even when annotations are missing.
arXiv:2609.39681v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) reduces the annotation burden in panoptic segmentation by leveraging a cost-effectively labeled source domain (e.g...
The paper introduces an anatomy-aware, promptable segmentation model for whole-body lesion detection in FDG and PSMA PET/CT scans, tailored for the AUTOPET V challenge. The approach builds on nnU-Net, employing a two-stage training process: an initial pre-training phase for strong baseline segmentation and an online interactive phase that refines predictions using scribble prompts. Anatomical context is integrated via organ supervision with a shared head predicting both lesions and organs, reducing false positives, while a tracer classifier directs studies to either a combined FDG+PSMA model or a PSMA-specific model. Cross-validation results show that organ-supervised training yields the most stable performance, the interactive stage consistently improves Dice scores, and PSMA-specific training delivers the best tracer-wise results.
The paper introduces Report Supervision (R‑Super), a framework that uses radiology reports to supervise tumor segmentation models. By incorporating loss functions that align segmentation outputs with report‑derived tumor counts, sizes, and locations, R‑Super improves detection and segmentation performance. Experiments on kidney and pancreatic tumors show up to a 15% increase in F1‑Score and DSC compared to mask‑only training, outperforming methods like CLIP and multi‑task learning.
arXiv:2603.12468v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Under strong cross-domain shifts, weakly supervised object localization (WSOL) models often lose their capacity to discriminate and develop a stron...
The paper presents three lightweight modules to improve medical lesion segmentation, especially in data‑scarce and computationally constrained settings. The modules include a DT‑Morph Combined Loss for better topological and boundary optimization, a 3D Group Prompt that captures domain‑universal knowledge through volumetric image‑mask and text prompts, and a Many‑to‑One Conditional Segmentation Head that supports fast incremental learning with minimal computational overhead. Ablation studies on abdominal and extra‑abdominal datasets confirm the effectiveness of these components for both organ and lesion segmentation tasks.