arXiv AI

More Criticism Does Not Make a Better Review: EquiReview-R

The paper introduces EquiReview‑R, an AI‑assisted review system that treats omission and over‑critique as distinct risks and refines a structured concern set using evidence‑linked reasoning. It demonstrates that more criticism does not guarantee a better review, showing that many high‑recall reviews lack definitive evidence for concerns and that revision before further search is essential. On a held‑out set of papers, EquiReview‑R meets non‑inferiority for major omission, cuts major over‑critique from 15.5 % to 8.1 %, and stops on 52.4 % of papers, with gains attributed to revision rather than extra inference.

arXiv Computation and Language
3d ago

PaperDoctor: Evidence-Grounded and Actionable Feedback for Scientific Papers in Progress

PaperDoctor is an agent framework that provides evidence‑grounded, actionable feedback for scientific papers before submission. It evaluates writing, layout, references, code, theory, prior work, and experiments through a three‑layer hierarchical system, linking each critique to specific evidence and revision suggestions. The system selectively rebuilds and reruns experiments to uncover reproducibility gaps, and an interactive interface lets authors explore findings tied to their manuscript.

By Kevin Qinghong Lin, Siyuan Hu, Pan Lu, Yu Chen, Yanzhe Chen, Owen Queen, Yupeng Chen, Jialin Yu, Junchi Yu, Zifeng Ding, Yuanfeng Ji, Sheng Liu, Jindong Gu, Linjie Li, Mike Zheng Shou, Philip Torr, James Zou
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 3

Reviewing the Reviewer: LLM-Assisted Reviewer Feedback Generation for Guideline Compliance

The paper presents an LLM-driven framework that splits peer reviews into argumentative segments, detects multiple co-occurring issues such as lazy thinking and lack of specificity, and generates targeted, guideline-aware feedback using issue-specific templates. An iterative, reranking-based generation algorithm refines the feedback, and a controlled rewriting study shows it can reduce guideline violations by up to 92.4%. The authors also release LazyReviewPlus, a multi-label dataset of 1,309 sentences annotated for detecting lazy thinking and lack of specificity.

By Sukannya Purkayastha, Qile Wan, Anne Lauscher, Lizhen Qu, Iryna Gurevych
arXiv AI
Aug 11

How Can Rhetoric Reward-Hack AI Reviewers? Dissecting Rhetorical Sensitivity in AI-Based Peer Review

arXiv:2608. 08975v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As large language models increasingly participate in scientific evaluation, we investigate a potential form of reward hacking: how rhetorical choices shape AI-review judgments when reported scientific content is preserved and how these effects vary across evaluation conditions.

By Ming Li, Chenguang Wang, Xirui Li, Xinyue Zeng, Dianqi Li, Peng Shi, Dawei Zhou, Tianyi Zhou
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 24

Metag: A dataset to build agentic meta-reviewing capabilities

arXiv:2608.20488v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI tools increasingly support tasks across the scientific research cycle, from experiment design and manuscript preparation to peer review. At the same...

By Anirudh Sundar, Min Chen, Divya Tadimeti, Gemma Zhang, Alice Li, Nigel Boachie Kumankumah, Pavan Uttej Ravva, Sadid Hasan, Somya Chatterjee, Pruthvi Prakash Navada, Xiao Wang, Yue Kang, Sulaiman Vesal, Larry Heck
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 24

Tree-of-Concerns: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Debate for Unstated-Limitation Extraction in Scientific Critique

Tree-of-Concerns is a multi‑agent framework that uses specialized skeptic personas to conduct parallel debate trees, each focusing on a specific category of potential limitations in scientific papers. The system employs structured, evidence‑grounded argumentation and a panel review mechanism to correct drift and miscalibration, ultimately extracting unstated limitations. Experiments on the ToC‑Bench benchmark show that the approach improves precision by 79% and coverage by 11% over leading baselines, providing reviewers with specific, evidence‑based concerns for systematic evaluation.

By Sahil Mishra, Niranjan Rajeev, Tanmoy Chakraborty