arXiv:2604. 04251v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Intelligent tutoring systems increasingly rely on reinforcement learning to personalise instruction, yet optimising for observable engagement signals can systematically decouple learner activity from genuine knowledge acquisition.
arXiv:2607. 04412v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) for non-verifiable instruction following increasingly relies on LLM judges with prompt-specific rubrics as reward signals.
arXiv:2608. 03206v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) power educational applications from tutoring to essay scoring, but each is a point solution to a single task, and only recently have these point solutions been integrated into agents operating over a learning management system (LMS).
arXiv:2607. 13370v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper is an extension of a paper presented at the ICAART 2026 conference, which introduced LEA (Learning Engagement Assistant), an adaptive AI tutoring agent combining course-specific Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) with structured Knowledge Component (KC) models across integrated Chat, Tutor, and Quiz modes.
arXiv:2608. 16907v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative AI (GenAI) is rapidly reshaping education by unlocking the potential for personalized tutoring.
arXiv:2606. 26527v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We propose Safety-Regulated Adaptive Transfer Reinforcement Learning (SRATRL), a teacher--student framework that combines safety-triggered intervention, safety-adaptive value shaping, and policy-compatibility-based optimization for efficient target-domain adaptation.
arXiv:2606. 20138v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLMs can personalize education, although current static-prompt tutoring systems struggle to adapt to diverse academic disciplines.
arXiv:2608. 03952v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to provide conversational practice for English-as-a-second-language (ESL) learners.
arXiv:2607. 12924v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper, we study Reinforcement Learning in Parametrized Action Markov Decision Processes (PAMDP), where each decision consists of a symbolic action and numerical parameters.
arXiv:2606. 09887v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models usually supervises reasoning with scalar outcome rewards, such as binary correctness.
arXiv:2607. 10802v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning is usually introduced through the Bellman update, yet the equation often remains abstract to undergraduates: they watch policy arrows converge but rarely observe how each value is computed or why an action is chosen.
This paper is an extension of a paper presented at the ICAART 2026 conference, which introduced LEA (Learning Engagement Assistant), an adaptive AI tutoring agent combining course-specific Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) with structured Knowledge Component (KC) models across integrated Chat, Tutor, and Quiz modes. That prior work validated LEA on a single STEM course (CMP511) exclusively through simulation, using synthetic learner agents.
arXiv:2606. 11744v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are now widely used for everyday learning, but the underlying interactions are typically unstructured chats rather than following a curriculum.