The paper introduces the Agent-Editing World Model (AEWM), a new approach that models how reasoning and actions influence future task progress instead of simulating tool responses. AEWM includes an Action Judge that classifies decisions as Critical, Exploratory, or Noisy, and a State Revision mechanism that edits noisy reasoning–action continuations from the same observed history. The integrated system, EditAct, directly updates the underlying state during real execution, leading to significant performance gains across multiple benchmarks and agent backbones.
By Shuang Sun, Guoxin Chen, Fanzhe Meng, Jia Deng, Huatong Song, Jinhao Jiang, Wayne Xin Zhao, Hongteng Xu, Ji-Rong Wen
CAST is a critique‑aware training framework that transforms sparse task outcomes into action‑level supervision for both critique learning and policy optimization. By analyzing agent trajectories, CAST synthesizes structured rationales that explain action validity under partial observability, enabling the creation of richer training data. Fine‑tuned Qwen3‑family models trained with CAST show significant reliability gains, outperforming GPT‑OSS‑120B by over 10% on Retail tasks and improving Telehealth performance by 9% in an out‑of‑domain setting.
By Amir Saeidi, Zehua Zhang, Rishitosh Singh, Naman Ahuja, Vivek Gupta, Ali Payani, Gaowen Liu, Jayanth Srinivasa, Chitta Baral
arXiv:2609.38334v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents for multi-step decision-making, yet transfer poorly to unseen environments. World-mode...
By Yuhan Guo, Jinming Liu, Liang Xu, Ziqiang Li, Jianguo Huang, Zhicheng Wang, Hu Zhu, Qiuyu Chen, Yuntao Wei, Xin Jin, Wenjun Zeng
S3Gym is an interactive benchmark designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs) on their ability to self-improve through self-testing, self-judging, and self-improvement. It separates permissive exploration from strict held-out evaluation across seven text-based games with executable environment verifiers. Experiments show that self-improvement varies by task, with different experience incorporation pathways (direct history, summary memory, or parameter training) yielding mixed results and highlighting the need for agents to transform feedback into executable, transferable policies.
By Jiajun Shi, Siyuan Tao, Yuhao Wu, Zexuan Wang, Jingyuan Zhang, Jiaheng Liu, Xinping Lei, Xinrong Zhang, Siyuan Fang, Zhewen Tan, Tianle Cai, Junhao Fang, Jiameng Huang, Yueyang Wang, Jinkai Liu, Yuxuan Zhang, Jian Yang, Zhoujun Li, Shen Yan, Wenhao Huang, Ge Zhang
The paper investigates how reinforcement learning can cause large language model agents to adopt shortcut policies for tool use, relying on superficial prompt cues rather than actual task needs. By creating synthetic environments that mix factual QA and math reasoning, the authors show that agents often invoke tools when cues are present, even when those tools are unnecessary, with spurious invocation rates rising up to 39%. They find that shortcut learning occurs mainly when agents have already mastered the target tool and that semantic alignment between cues and tools amplifies the effect. To counter this, they propose a dense, decision-level reward where an LLM judge assesses tool necessity, which reduces cue-driven tool use while maintaining performance.
By Yiwei Yang, Haoxiang Zhang, Bingbing Wen, Yao Lu, Yuchen Wu, Lei Zhang, Julian McAuley, Pan Lu, Bill Howe
arXiv:2609.22592v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Training agents with reinforcement learning requires a gym, comprising a task, an executable environment in which the task can be attempted, and a ve...
By Aarati Andrea Noronha, Kavya Ravikumar, Carly Xiaoyu Lin
arXiv:2606. 31422v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Language agents acting over long horizons must maintain beliefs about tool states, object locations, graph edges, and subgoal dependencies.
By Xinyuan Song, Zekun Cai
The paper introduces AdaptRubric, a Coarse-to-Fine Rubrics Framework designed to create task‑adaptive judging criteria for GUI reward modeling. It first retrieves a category‑level coarse rubric by mapping instructions to a GUI task family, then generates an instance‑level fine rubric that captures specific values, scopes, and constraints from the instruction. Experiments show that AdaptRubric outperforms existing reward agents, improving F1 by 3.6 points and achieving a 4.23‑point task‑success gain under a matched image budget.
By Tao Xiong, Xavier Hu, Wenkai Wang, Qinzhuo Wu, Changqiao Wu, Pengzhi Gao, Wei Liu, Jian Luan, Shengyu Zhang
arXiv:2607. 01531v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Learning how an environment behaves from interaction is central to building agents that adapt to unfamiliar tasks.
By David Courtis, Wenhao Li, Scott Sanner
arXiv:2607. 01531v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning how an environment behaves from interaction is central to building agents that adapt to unfamiliar tasks.
By David Courtis, Wenhao Li, Scott Sanner
The paper introduces the AGI Maze Prediction Datasets and Benchmark, a lightweight, procedurally generated grid‑world testbed for evaluating predictive models, particularly Transformers, on tasks such as per‑step transition prediction, fixed‑horizon state prediction, and sequential textual‑observation prediction. It compares byte‑level Transformer baselines with two memory‑augmented architectures, showing that a pseudo‑video spatial‑memory Transformer achieves perfect validation accuracy on selected tasks and improves sequential text‑trace prediction, while a generic auxiliary latent‑memory Transformer does not consistently help. The study highlights that structured, task‑aligned working memory can be more effective than merely increasing latent capacity, and positions the benchmark as a compact setting for testing architectures that couple textual interfaces to learned structured state.
By Alexey Potapov
arXiv:2608. 16224v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: By leveraging large-scale pretraining, LLMs can interpret diverse temporal expressions and question formulations without task-specific training.
By Xinlong Dai, Jinchuan Zhang, Lei Gao, Xinzhe Hu, Yuefeng He, Hui Gao