arXiv AI
Jul 29
Real-Time Driver Safety Scoring Through Inverse Crash Probability Modeling
arXiv:2603. 14841v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Road crashes remain a leading cause of preventable fatalities.
Multi-modal Rail Crossing Safety Analysis
arXiv:2607. 01365v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Given one or more images of a railway crossing, can we leverage visual cues that allow us to robustly estimate how safe it is?
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arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 3
PRISM: An Agentic Multi-Model Architecture for Proactive Safety in Autonomous Transportation Systems
PRISM (Proactive Risk Intelligence and Safety Management) is an agentic multi-model architecture designed to shift autonomous transportation safety from reactive crash avoidance to proactive, continuous risk management. It uses inverse crash‑probability modeling to transform binary crash classifiers into dynamic safety scores, and runs three specialized models—trajectory kinematics, environmental risk, and VRU interaction—coordinated by a reinforcement‑learning reasoning layer. Across 1,296 naturalistic driving scenarios, PRISM achieved a mean safety score of 68/100, classified 77.6% of situations as advisory, and flagged 3.8% as near‑misses, with 11% requiring intervention or emergency response, highlighting trajectory risk and VRU proximity as key safety factors.
arXiv AI
Jun 12
Improving Crash Frequency Prediction from Simulated Traffic Conflicts Using Machine Learning Based Microsimulation
arXiv:2606. 12500v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Traffic microsimulation combined with surrogate safety measures has increasingly been used as a proactive alternative to historical crash data for predicting crash frequency for current or planned road infrastructure designs.
arXiv AI
Aug 25
EG-ARSA: An Expert-Grounded Open Model for Visual Road Safety Auditing in Low-Resource Settings
EG-ARSA introduces an Expert‑Grounded Distillation (EGD) framework that transfers institutional road safety expertise into a compact vision‑language model for visual road safety auditing. The method calibrates a teacher model against authoritative field audits, achieving a Cohen’s kappa of 0.74 before generating structured supervision for an 8‑billion‑parameter student model via Low‑Rank Adaptation. The authors also release Bangladesh Road Safety Audit (BD‑ARSA), an open dataset of 21,947 image‑audit records, and demonstrate that the student model outperforms both its larger teacher and Gemini‑2.5‑Flash in ordinal risk assessment and expert evaluation.
arXiv AI
Aug 11
SafeSceneReason: A Multimodal Reasoning Benchmark Connecting Industrial Hazards with Accident Knowledge
arXiv:2608. 09230v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Industrial-safety understanding requires more than detecting workers, equipment, and personal protective equipment.
arXiv AI
Sep 1
WaymoQA: A Multi-View Visual Question Answering Dataset for Safety-Critical Reasoning in Autonomous Driving
arXiv:2511.20022v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong understanding of driving scenes, drawing interest in their...
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 16
Crash Narrative-Guided Countermeasure Recommendation Using Large Language Models: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Intersection Safety
arXiv:2609.15997v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Improving safety at intersections requires identifying crash mechanisms and recommending appropriate countermeasures. However, this process tradition...
arXiv AI
Aug 17
Edge Case Detection in Automated Driving: Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions
arXiv:2410. 08491v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Automated vehicles (AVs) promise to enhance transportation safety and efficiency.
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 9
A knowledge-augmented dataset of high-risk driving scenarios with LLM annotations for autonomous driving
arXiv:2607. 07103v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Safe autonomous driving requires both rapid responses to common high-risk events and deeper reasoning over rare, extreme long-tail scenarios in traffic safety.
arXiv AI
Aug 18
Advanced modelling and data analytics in aviation
arXiv:2608. 14746v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The aviation industry characterized by its stringent safety standards has seen a growing need for innovative approaches to enhance safety measures.
Hugging Face Trending Papers
Jul 8
A knowledge-augmented dataset of high-risk driving scenarios with LLM annotations for autonomous driving
Safe autonomous driving requires both rapid responses to common high-risk events and deeper reasoning over rare, extreme long-tail scenarios in traffic safety. These scenarios are severely under-represented in naturalistic driving data, and existing trajectory and language-augmented datasets seldom provide high-risk event labels, semantic annotations, and verifiable safety signals.
arXiv AI
Jul 21
A Dual-Hypothesis Reasoning Framework for LLM Guardrails
arXiv:2607. 17575v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose ARBITER, a novel LLM guardrail framework that introduces two key ideas: (i) dual-hypothesis reasoning, a reasoning method for LLM guardrails that explicitly considers both safe and unsafe interpretations of a prompt before making a safety decision, and (ii) multi-component supervised fine-tuning (MC-SFT), a structured training loss for reasoning-based guardrails that decomposes LLM outputs into logical components and weights them according to their importance.