EnvSched is an online scheduler that learns from rollout history to improve rollout efficiency in agent reinforcement learning. It assigns scheduling value by exploiting tasks likely to yield informative reward differences and by covering underobserved environments and interaction patterns. By modeling environment–task pairs in a dual-relation graph and propagating historical rollout statistics, EnvSched predicts reward variance and allocates batches to tasks with high predicted variance, achieving higher scores than random selection within fewer training steps.
AgentFly is an agentic reinforcement learning framework that introduces a unified resource layer to manage heterogeneous environments—such as sandboxes, model services, and external APIs—through a single scheduling engine. The framework is organized into four layers: an agent layer that abstracts agents, tools, and rewards; a rollout layer that composes agent loops and computes rewards; a context layer that organizes rollouts and injects contextual information; and a low‑level resource layer that handles resource management. AgentFly offers prebuilt tools and environments, demonstrates successful agent training across multiple tasks and models, and provides the first controlled cross‑framework throughput comparison against other agentic RL frameworks.
By Renxi Wang, Rifo Ahmad Genadi, Bilal El Bouardi, Yongxin Wang, Fajri Koto, Zhengzhong Liu, Timothy Baldwin, Haonan Li
arXiv:2608. 11152v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern reinforcement learning (RL) post-training pipelines for large language models (LLMs) increasingly combine rollout workloads across multiple domains and feedback paradigms.
By Zetao Hong, Song Yuan, Yuanhao Ding, Yibo Zhu, Daxin Jiang, Zhibin Wang, Chen Tian
arXiv:2607. 17299v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-horizon rollout generation has become the dominant systems bottleneck in agentic reinforcement learning (RL).
By Ryan Xu, Atlas Zhao, David Bao, Frank Du
arXiv:2608.05446v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Long-horizon LLM agents increasingly rely on external execution support to maintain state, track progress, recover from failures, and reuse experie...
By Xuying Ning, Dongqi Fu, Tianxin Wei, Yuanchen Bei, Xiyuan Yang, Wujiang Xu, Yueqi Song, Bingxuan Li, Zihao Li, Hanqing Zeng, Xiang Shen, Yajuan Wang, Yifan Wu, Qifan Wang, Jiayi Liu, Hong Li, Yinglong Xia, Xiangjun Fan, Hanghang Tong, Jingrui He
arXiv:2608. 06197v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training large language model agents for long-horizon tool use typically relies on interactions with real or synthesized executable environments, whose construction and verification are costly, or on external simulators that are difficult to ground.
By Zishan Xu, Zhiyuan Yao, Yuxin Chen, Yifu Guo, Zhengxi Lu, Yuquan Lu, Jinyang Huang, Yan Xu, Yasheng Wang, Weinan Zhang, Xingshan Zeng, Weiwen Liu
arXiv:2607. 07508v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) is becoming increasingly important for post-training large language models (LLMs).
By Zhenyu Hou, Yujiang Li, Jie Tang, Yuxiao Dong
arXiv:2512. 22560v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Agentic Reinforcement Learning (RL) trains LLMs through multi-turn interactions with environments, producing workloads that mix compute-bound prefill, bandwidth-bound decoding, CPU-heavy environment execution, and bursty reward evaluation.
By Wei Gao, Yuheng Zhao, Tianyuan Wu, Shaopan Xiong, Weixun Wang, Dakai An, Lunxi Cao, Dilxat Muhtar, Zichen Liu, Haizhou Zhao, Ju Huang, Siran Yang, Yongbin Li, Wenbo Su, Jiamang Wang, Lin Qu, Bo Zheng, Wei Wang
Interlock is a framework that transforms long‑horizon tasks into typed completion graphs, linking evidence, decisions, and required effects through grounding, coupling, and realization edges. It compiles these graphs into a resettable workspace, a public request, and an evaluation rubric, and uses source‑coverage, public‑input, and agent‑as‑judge reviews to ensure that all mandatory requirements are met. Fine‑tuning Qwen3.6 backbones on Interlock‑generated trajectories improves pass rates on AutomationBench, JobBench, and Harvey LAB, showing that the synthesized experience benefits external task environments.
By Linji Hao, Yanji He, Zihan Wang, Hansi Yang, Jiayuan Zhang, Hongyan Hao, Qi Gu, Yan Feng, Han Wu
arXiv:2601. 07376v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce \textsc{OpenTinker}, an open infrastructure for training large language model (LLM) agents with many LoRA-backed policies over shared execution resources.
By Siqi Zhu, Jiaxuan You
arXiv:2606. 03892v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Training LLMs to orchestrate multi-step tool calls is held back by three coupled obstacles: realistic stateful execution environments are costly to build, synthetic training queries are often detached from the server's actual state (so the generated tool calls fail to execute), and recall-based RL rewards incentivize verbose tool-calling patterns.
By Ibrahim Abdelaziz, Asim Munawar, Kinjal Basu, Maxwell Crouse, Chulaka Gunasekara, Suneet Katrekar, Pavan Kapanipathi
arXiv:2608. 10357v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-horizon tool-using agents must reason over user goals, domain policies, tool calls, simulator state, and delayed verifiable rewards.
By Zelei Cheng, Amritansh Mishra, Sambit Sahu, William Campbell