Thunder‑DeID+ is a Korean de‑identification system that improves boundary precision, label granularity, and recall when applied to court judgments and other sensitive documents. It introduces a refined three‑tier PII taxonomy and a boundary‑aware tokenizer that augments a pretrained BPE vocabulary with N‑gram and boundary‑scoring components, enabling better alignment of token and PII span boundaries. Evaluations show the tokenizer raises the W. Strict Typed F1‑score from 0.76‑0.77 to 0.87‑0.88 across models, and fine‑tuning on 1,000 broader documents yields a 0.93 score, demonstrating effective transfer beyond court judgments.
arXiv:2605. 29738v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Legal NLP benchmarks overwhelmingly evaluate a single language or aggregate tasks that differ fundamentally across jurisdictions, making cross-lingual comparison impossible.
arXiv:2609.22529v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: International law provides the normative framework through which states coordinate action, regulate armed conflict, and protect human rights, yet its t...
The paper evaluates legal text classification models for Korean sexual offense cases, comparing traditional machine learning, large language models, and fine‑tuned domain models. Fine‑tuned KLUE‑BERT achieved the highest accuracy of 99.3%, outperforming GPT‑3.5, GPT‑4.0, and other traditional approaches. Explainable AI techniques were used to analyze predictions, revealing linguistic features that influence decisions and highlighting limitations in capturing subtle textual cues, especially in real‑world KICS data.
arXiv:2509.00141v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Statutory corpora and judicial decisions are growing faster than legal professionals can read them, while individual judgments often exceed t...
arXiv:2606. 06679v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Court judgments are central to legal practice and jurisprudence, yet discourse analysis of Hong Kong judgments has received limited attention, owing largely to the absence of expert-annotated corpora.
arXiv:2604. 04790v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Natural language processing (NLP) advances have powered a generation of LegalTech systems, but Turkish law remains under-served by domain-specific data and models.
The paper critiques the common practice of stopword removal in legal text analysis, showing that standard stoplists actually degrade performance on binary classification tasks involving Supreme Court opinions. By exhaustively testing the removal of each of ~18,500 candidate words, the authors find that no stoplist—generic or optimized—outperforms a no‑removal baseline, and that models cannot predict which words are beneficial to remove. The study argues that inherited preprocessing defaults can distort the doctrinal and ideological signals that legal scholars aim to recover, calling into question the validity of such practices.
arXiv:2607. 03325v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present an automated pipeline that decomposes Italian tax-court judgments into individual legal issues and extracts, for each issue, a structured XML representation grounded in the IRAC framework and the legal syllogism.
CLASE is a hybrid evaluation method for Chinese legal text that combines linguistic feature-based scores with experience-guided LLM-as-a-judge scores. It learns from contrastive pairs of authentic legal documents and their LLM-generated counterparts, enabling transparent, reference-free assessment of stylistic quality. Experiments on 200 Chinese legal documents show that CLASE aligns better with human judgments than traditional metrics and offers interpretable score breakdowns and improvement suggestions.
Verifying the eligibility of securities as collateral is a key responsibility of the German Central Bank. However, manually verifying these assets against legal and financial criteria within lengthy, semi-structured, and often bilingual prospectuses is a resource-intensive task.
arXiv:2607. 04261v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) is constrained by its reliance on post-hoc judicial materials, increasing the likelihood that models perform retrospective classification rather than true forecasting.
arXiv:2605. 21071v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) is shifting semantic search toward a question-answering paradigm, where users ask questions and LLMs generate responses.