arXiv Machine Learning

Can Entanglement-Induced Feature-Map Designs Improve Projected Quantum Kernels?

The paper investigates projected quantum kernels (PQKs) and how their performance is often obscured by extensive classical hyperparameter tuning of RBF kernels and SVM regularization. By comparing untuned and tuned PQKs to an RBF baseline, the authors isolate the native inductive bias of PQKs and find that recent designs can be improved by quantum feature maps that use two‑qubit entanglement to capture multivariate correlations in IoT data. The study shows that entanglement‑based topologies provide a stronger native inductive bias, leading to better PQK performance that stems from quantum‑mechanical properties rather than from classical tuning.

arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 19

Expressivity of IQP Feature-Map Quantum Kernels via Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces

The paper studies the expressivity of Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial (IQP) feature‑map quantum kernels by deriving a Fourier representation of their associated Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS). It identifies three bandwidth regimes—localized, multimodal, and periodic—each with distinct expressive properties, and demonstrates these regimes on synthetic datasets for classification and anomaly detection, comparing against a classical Gaussian kernel. The work provides a clear link between the kernel’s accessible frequencies, its bandwidth hyperparameter, and the structure of the data, offering guidance for bandwidth selection when data exhibit known periodic or multimodal patterns.

By Valeria Repetto, Stefano Melchionna, Romina D'Aurizio
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 13

Is data-efficient learning feasible with quantum models?

arXiv:2508. 19437v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The importance of analyzing nontrivial datasets when testing quantum machine learning (QML) models is becoming increasingly prominent in literature, yet a cohesive framework for understanding dataset characteristics remains elusive.

By Alona Sakhnenko, Christian B. Mendl, Jeanette M. Lorenz
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 27

Parameterized Quantum Circuits as Feature Maps: Representation Quality and Readout Effects in Multispectral Land-Cover Classification

arXiv:2604. 26675v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We investigate variational quantum classifiers (VQCs) for land-cover classification from multispectral satellite imagery, adopting a feature-map perspective in which the quantum circuit defines a nonlinear data embedding while the readout determines how this representation is exploited.

By Ralntion Komini, Aikaterini Mandilara, Georgios Maragkopoulos, Dimitris Syvridis
arXiv Machine Learning
5d ago

Empirical Evaluation of Quantum Kernel Methods for Classification: A Comparative Study with Classical Kernels

The study evaluates quantum kernel methods for classification against tuned classical kernels, addressing inconsistencies in prior benchmarks by implementing protocol controls such as balanced bandwidth tuning, fold‑specific kernel recomputation, and hardware‑based cost measurement. A factorial design across 324 experimental cells—varying dimensionality, training size, class separability, and data structure—reveals that optimizing the quantum feature map’s bandwidth yields the largest accuracy gains, surpassing any quantum‑classical performance differences observed. Consequently, tuned quantum kernels are statistically indistinguishable from tuned RBF kernels on four real datasets, and the apparent advantages on synthetic data diminish with increasing dimensionality and are largely attributable to protocol variance rather than inherent quantum benefits.

By Ronak Bhalgami
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 30

Exploring the Effects of Entanglement on Quantum Machine Learning of Pathogen Epitope-Receptor Binding

arXiv:2606. 28655v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) provide a flexible substrate for hybrid quantum machine learning (QML), but their practical value on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices remains an empirical question, especially because training depth and scale can introduce optimization challenges such as barren plateaus.

By Aspen Erlandsson Brisebois, Luis Pablo Gonzalez Dominguez, Shivansi Prajapati, Zahed Khatooni, Heather L. Wilson, Connor Burbridge, Brook Byrns, Sureesh Tikoo, Christophe Pere, Steven Rayan, Gordon Broderick
arXiv AI
Aug 20

How Quantum Is the Advantage? A Fair, Calibration- and Noise-Aware Benchmark and Attribution Audit of Quantum Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection

The study evaluates quantum machine learning (QML) models for network intrusion detection against well-tuned classical baselines across four standard datasets, using a leakage-controlled protocol and noise simulation. It introduces a quantum-attribution audit to determine whether any performance gains are truly due to quantum effects. While most tuned classical models match or surpass QML, two quantum approaches— a quantum-kernel SVM and a small hybrid circuit—show statistically significant advantages on specific metrics and tasks.

By Syeda Anshrah Gillani, Mirza Samad Ahmed Baig, Shahid Munir Shah, Asher Ali, Hamzah Siddiqui