arXiv:2602. 07026v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Despite the success of multimodal contrastive learning in aligning visual and linguistic representations, a persistent geometric anomaly, the Modality Gap, remains: embeddings of distinct modalities expressing identical semantics occupy systematically offset regions.
FuseAdapt is a parameter‑efficient framework for multimodal semantic segmentation that performs fusion within the adaptation space of a frozen vision foundation model (VFM). Instead of a separate fusion network, each modality receives a lightweight adaptation branch, and only low‑rank residual activations are routed across modalities inside the frozen backbone. The method also introduces Predictive Modality Modeling (PMM) to handle missing modalities during training, achieving significant mIoU gains on three benchmarks.
arXiv:2607. 08839v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are typically designed under the assumption that all modalities available during training will also be accessible at inference.
The paper introduces FPCD, a framework that stabilizes the modality gap in vision‑language models during continual learning. It combines Fast Null‑space Projection, which projects gradients onto approximate null spaces to reduce interference, with Contrastive Distillation that aligns image‑to‑text and text‑to‑image similarity distributions using a small reference set. On the 11‑task MTIL benchmark, FPCD achieves strong performance, maintaining stable modality gaps and superior zero‑shot retrieval on COCO Captions and Flickr30k.
arXiv:2606. 15743v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper addresses the missing-modality challenge in multi-modal learning by introducing Unsupervised Learning for Missing Modalities in Multi-Modal Learning (UL4M4), a flexible framework that imputes missing feature embeddings in a task-independent manner before supervised prediction.
arXiv:2609.23533v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal classifiers can converge to modality-dominant solutions in which one modality dominates the joint prediction, suppressing the learning of ot...
The paper introduces SubTTA, a test-time adaptation method for vision‑language models that aligns the semantic subspaces of visual and textual modalities to improve zero‑shot predictions. It addresses two issues: the modality gap caused by distribution shifts and visual nuisance that masks task‑specific semantics. By minimizing chordal distance between principal subspaces and projecting visual features onto a task‑specific textual subspace, SubTTA refines decision boundaries and achieves an average 2.24% improvement over existing TTA methods.
DiscoVL introduces a disentangled cross‑modal representation learning framework for vision‑language models, combining orthogonal adversarial regularization with a multi‑branch low‑rank residual aligner to enhance bidirectional visual‑textual interaction. The method decomposes representations into subspaces, enabling cross‑modal feedback at each layer and preventing centroid collapse through an orthogonal adversarial triplet loss. Across 15 benchmarks, DiscoVL consistently outperforms state‑of‑the‑art approaches in base‑to‑novel generalization, cross‑dataset evaluation, and few‑shot learning.
arXiv:2505. 19614v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal learning has seen remarkable progress, particularly with large-scale pre-training across various modalities.
The paper introduces Modality Self-Play (MSP), a training framework that enables multimodal large language models to learn cross‑modal interactions without requiring paired non‑text data. MSP uses proxy‑mediated textual descriptions of unseen modalities as semantic bridges, allowing a model to generate and align these proxies with observed modalities. Experiments show that MSP achieves state‑of‑the‑art or competitive performance on several multimodal benchmarks and demonstrates effective zero‑shot modality composition through learned bridges and anchor‑supporting proxy descriptions.
arXiv:2606. 30355v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As real-world prediction systems often face missing modalities at inference, incomplete multimodal learning (IML) remains a practical challenge.
arXiv:2602. 08597v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Robust multimodal systems must remain effective when some modalities are noisy, degraded, or unreliable.