arXiv Machine Learning

Neutrino Fingerprints: Image-Based Encodings of IceCube Events for CNN Direction Reconstruction

arXiv:2606. 02788v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reconstructing the direction of incoming neutrinos in the IceCube Neutrino Observatory is an important problem in astrophysics.

arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 7

A Differentiable Neural Surrogate for Photon Propagation in Neutrino Telescopes

The paper presents candela, a differentiable SIREN neural field that learns the photon Green's function for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. It predicts photon yield and full arrival-time distribution for point-like energy deposits, enabling complete event simulation by superposing responses from multiple deposits. Trained on Monte‑Carlo data, candela produces events 50–100× faster than existing methods while maintaining median yields within 2% of MC expectations and timing distributions at the MC statistical floor across six photon‑count decades.

By Felix J. Yu, Berthy T. Feng, Nicholas Kamp, Carlos A. Arg\"{u}elles
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 27

Finding and using interpretable latents in a neutrino foundation model with sparse autoencoders

The paper applies sparse autoencoders to a neutrino foundation model trained on IceCube data, uncovering a validated atlas of physical concepts within the model’s internal representation. Causal analysis shows the direction reconstruction head largely ignores this atlas, whereas an uncertainty head trained on the same representation effectively uses quality and brightness features, improving angular resolution from 20.2° to 3.2° at 20% efficiency. These findings demonstrate that mechanistic interpretability can expose latent physics and guide the design of downstream tasks.

By Rapha\"el Bonnet-Guerrini, Johann Ioannou-Nikolaides, Inar Timiryasov, Vincenzo Piuri
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 30

SparsePixels: Efficient Convolution for Sparse Data on FPGAs

arXiv:2512. 06208v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Inference of standard convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on FPGAs often incurs high latency and a long initiation interval due to the deep nested loops required to densely convolve every input pixel regardless of its feature value.

By Ho Fung Tsoi, Dylan Rankin, Vladimir Loncar, Philip Harris
arXiv Machine Learning
2d ago

Deep-learning-based low-energy trigger algorithms for the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment

The paper presents deep‑learning trigger algorithms for the Hyper‑Kamiokande water Cherenkov detector, targeting low‑energy neutrino events below 7 MeV. It compares a supervised neural‑network classifier with two anomaly‑detection methods—an autoencoder and a Manifold Projection‑Diffusion Recovery model—showing the supervised model achieves a 76.7 % signal efficiency for 3 MeV electrons, far surpassing the 26.4 % efficiency of a traditional hit‑count trigger. GPU‑based runtime tests indicate per‑window inference latencies well below one millisecond.

By Katharina Lachner, Sa\'ul Alonso-Monsalve, Benjamin Richards, Davide Sgalaberna
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 3

GaLe: memory-efficient Global Approximate and Local Exact features

GaLe is a memory‑efficient technique that allows pretrained neural networks to run on resource‑constrained devices without retraining. It splits feature maps into a local exact component that keeps fine details and a global approximate component that preserves long‑range dependencies, enabling global operations and attention mechanisms typical of hybrid CNN‑transformer models. On ImageNet, GaLe matches exact‑inference accuracy while delivering up to 65% speedup and 90% RAM reduction on a Cortex‑M33, and it works across classification, detection, and generation tasks.

By Alberto Ancilotto, Elisabetta Farella
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 7

How far can we go with ImageNet for Text-to-Image generation?

The paper argues that large-scale text‑to‑image models can be trained effectively on ImageNet, provided the dataset is enriched with carefully crafted text and image augmentations. Using this approach, the authors match the performance of state‑of‑the‑art models such as FLUX, surpassing SD3 on GenEval by +5 points and SDXL on DPGBench by +12, while employing only 1/1000th of the training images and significantly fewer parameters. The method requires just 500 hours of H100 GPU time, making it a more reproducible and accessible alternative to massive web‑scraped datasets.

By L. Degeorge, A. Ghosh, N. Dufour, D. Picard, V. Kalogeiton
arXiv AI
Jul 7

Towards Generalizable Deepfake Image Detection with Vision Transformers

arXiv:2604. 17376v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In today's day and age, we face a challenge in detecting deepfake images because of the fast evolution of modern generative models and the poor generalization capability of existing methods.

By Kaliki V Srinanda, M Manvith Prabhu, Hemanth K Mogilipalem, Jayavarapu S Abhinai, Vaibhav Santhosh, Aryan Herur, Deepu Vijayasenan