Retrieval pipelines, vector search, chunking and reranking: how models are grounded in a corpus instead of their weights.
arXiv:2608.23252v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) shifts toward diverse portfolio generation, it is stymied by two critical bottlenecks: flawed measurement of...
arXiv:2608.22619v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative segmentation provides an alternative to direct pixel-wise prediction by operating on learned latent representations, but effective image-t...
arXiv:2608.22044v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern machine learning (ML) methods are highly effective for prediction tasks, but many commonly used representations reduce complex data to fixed dim...
The paper evaluates how Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can improve Large Language Model (LLM) predictions of travel mode choice. Four retrieval strategies—basic RAG, balanced retrieval, cross‑encoder re‑ranking, and a combination of balanced retrieval with cross‑encoder—are tested on three LLMs (GPT‑4o, o4‑mini, o3) using 2023 Puget Sound travel survey data. Results show that RAG boosts accuracy across models, with GPT‑4o plus balanced retrieval and cross‑encoder achieving 80.8% accuracy, surpassing traditional statistical and machine learning baselines and demonstrating strong zero‑shot transfer.
AI University (AI‑U) is a flexible framework that uses a fine‑tuned large language model (LLM) combined with retrieval‑augmented generation (RAG) and a reasoning synthesis model to produce style‑aligned responses from lecture videos, notes, and textbooks. In a graduate‑level finite‑element‑method (FEM) course, the authors created a pipeline to generate course‑grounded training data, fine‑tuned an open‑source LLM with Low‑Rank Adaptation (LoRA), and applied RAG‑based synthesis. Evaluation through cosine similarity, LLM‑based assessment, expert review, and user studies showed that the expert model outperformed the base model in alignment with course materials, with 86 % of test cases scoring higher and human users preferring the expert model roughly twice as often. whyItMatters":"The study demonstrates a practical method for building course‑specific learning assistants that improve alignment with instructional content, offering a template that can be extended across STEM fields."
arXiv:2511.05575v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion-based approaches have recently achieved strong results in face swapping, offering improved visual quality over traditional GAN-based meth...
arXiv:2608.21487v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit strong zero-shot capabilities, making them an attractive solution for continual learning across diverse tasks....
arXiv:2608.05154v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal rotary positional encodings apply temporal, height, and width phases to interleaved text, image, and video tokens. This creates two ambi...
SketchFlow is a new generative framework for creating high‑quality vector sketches from text prompts. It uses a Gaussian Mixture Model prior in the CLIP latent space and an Optimal Transport Conditional Flow Matching model to map this prior to sketch features, which are then decoded by a Hybrid Diffusion Decoder combining 1D U‑Net and Transformer architectures. The approach achieves superior visual quality and human‑like drawing styles, and supports zero‑shot synthesis for unseen concepts and smooth semantic interpolation.
arXiv:2608.22859v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: RAG systems are increasingly used to summarize what large collections of documents say. A user asks "What do people think about X?" and receives an a...
arXiv:2608.21558v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in LLMs and the adoption of RAG systems in industry have created a need for domain-specific question-answer datasets that can assess...
NeST is a framework that adapts large language models (LLMs) for continuous time‑series forecasting by creating neighborhood‑aware text prototypes and aligning them with temporal representations through a nearest‑neighbor contrastive objective. It retrieves the most relevant prototypes and uses them to conditionally modulate time‑series features, enabling more effective integration of textual and temporal information. Experiments show that NeST outperforms state‑of‑the‑art methods on eight benchmarks, reduces MSE by 1.2% for long‑term forecasting, improves zero‑shot forecasting by 4.9%, and boosts R² by 3.3% on a real‑world photovoltaic power forecasting task.
DeepRefine is a reinforcement learning framework that improves the quality of pre‑constructed structured knowledge bases—such as knowledge graphs or LLM‑Wikis—by engaging in multi‑turn interactions with the base. It performs abductive diagnosis to locate defects, then applies targeted refinement actions to incrementally update the knowledge base. The system uses a Gain‑Beyond‑Draft reward to train its refinement policy end‑to‑end, achieving consistent downstream performance gains over strong baselines.
arXiv:2507.12295v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Text anomaly detection is a critical task in natural language processing (NLP), with applications spanning fraud detection, misinformation id...
arXiv:2608.22856v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A retrieval-augmented QA system can return different answers after an index expansion even when its requested model identifier, prompt, retrieval pol...
The paper introduces a unified framework for aligning biomedical text with knowledge graphs using a lightweight projection learned via contrastive learning, keeping the text encoder and KG embedding model frozen. It evaluates six design choices—text encoder, KG embedding, projection head, triple composition, training direction, and hard‑negative sampling—on a newly created CTD‑Align corpus of 22K chemical‑gene interaction pairs linked to PubMed passages. The study finds that triple composition and training direction have the largest impact, while simpler linear projections over concatenated subject, predicate, and object embeddings yield the best performance.
arXiv:2608.22479v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables LLMs to access external knowledge for answering knowledge-intensive questions. For complex multi-hop quest...
arXiv:2608.21821v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When Wikipedia's language editions describe the same concept, how differently do they frame it? Prior work measures coverage gaps between editions; we...
arXiv:2608.21656v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for combining large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources. How...
arXiv:2608.22967v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Practical molecular inverse design is rarely a one-shot generation problem; it often takes the form of closed-loop candidate-pool enrichment, where und...