Leaderboards, eval harnesses and ablations — the contested business of deciding which model is actually better.
arXiv:2608. 14657v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Early identification of lung cancer risk is critical for timely intervention, yet existing prediction models are limited by their reliance on single data modalities and their inability to leverage structured clinical knowledge.
arXiv:2608. 14747v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: WANDR (Wide ANd Deep Research) is a benchmark of 500 realistic, challenging data-collection tasks for research agents.
arXiv:2608. 15187v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scientific machine learning for partial differential equations commonly targets solution fields, as in physics-informed neural networks, or solution maps, as in neural operators.
arXiv:2608. 15224v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable post-hoc evaluation asks whether already generated text satisfies a target criterion after generation.
arXiv:2608. 15282v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Earth observation foundation models (EOFMs) are emerging as reusable representation frameworks for data-driven retrieval, prediction and process modelling within ecohydrology, which integrate EO, meteorological forcing and process models to characterise coupled water, energy and carbon dynamics in vegetation and soil across scales.
arXiv:2608. 15383v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sparse mixture-of-experts (MoE) language models reduce arithmetic by activating only a small subset of experts per token, yet deployment still requires storing and moving the full expert bank.
arXiv:2608. 15447v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mobile money has widened financial access across Sub-Saharan Africa and enlarged the surface for money-laundering and terrorism-financing (ML/TF) activity in ecosystems dominated by high-volume, low-value transactions.
arXiv:2608. 15516v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in multimodal understanding and generation.
arXiv:2608. 16031v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Camera-based object detectors are vulnerable to physical adversarial attacks designed to suppress detections.
arXiv:2608. 16134v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In clinical motor imagery brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) decoding, cross-day transferability and online operation remain two critical challenges.
arXiv:2608. 16249v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) faces a critical trade-off between erasing target knowledge and preserving general utility.
arXiv:2608. 16409v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Today, a neural system is almost always used in two phases -- trained, then deployed -- and in that regime it freezes twice: training ends, and the topology itself was never a degree of freedom.
arXiv:2608. 16416v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated machine learning (AutoML) systems search for pipelines within a space of preprocessing operators, learners, and hyper-parameters specified in advance: they can select and tune known components, but cannot produce structure outside that space.
arXiv:2608. 16824v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative Engine Optimization (GEO) modifies web content to increase its likelihood of being selected and cited by generative search engines.
arXiv:2608. 14551v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for title-abstract screening in systematic reviews, but their decisions lack calibrated uncertainty.
arXiv:2608. 14698v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Hyperlocal meteorological sensing is essential for accurate solar photovoltaic forecasting, yet professional-grade meteorological stations require investments easily exceeding 1000~USD per node, making distributed deployments economically inaccessible.
arXiv:2608. 14896v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models work well on English and behave in poorly understood ways on languages typologically far from it.
arXiv:2608. 15438v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Building approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) indexes at billion scale is often dominated by expensive global clustering or graph construction, making time-to-index a first-order systems concern.
arXiv:2608. 15535v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present L3Cube-IndicQuest v2, a large-scale gold-standard multilingual question-answering benchmark for evaluating the India-specific factual knowledge of Large Language Models (LLMs).
arXiv:2608. 15691v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Health misinformation circulating during pandemics can gain traction rapidly, creating harmful narratives that compete with public health guidance.