When to Call an LLM: A Confidence-Gated Hybrid for Cost-Effective Emotion Recognition in Conversational AI
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The paper evaluates three approaches for emotion recognition in conversation— a low‑cost stacked ensemble, an off‑the‑shelf LLM prompt, and a confidence‑gated hybrid that escalates only uncertain ensemble predictions to the LLM. Across three datasets (IEMOCAP, MELD, CMU‑MOSI), the hybrid consistently outperforms each pure system, achieving higher weighted F1 scores while routing most traffic through the inexpensive ensemble. This results in significant cost savings (≈$10‑85 per million utterances) and provides an interpretable escalation signal tied to emotion or sentiment shifts.
The paper proposes an agentic framework for multimodal emotion reasoning that uses frozen models to avoid costly instruction tuning. It employs modality‑specific perception agents, an integration agent, and an MLLM critic to generate emotion predictions with evidence citations, followed by an evidence‑grounded verification stage that identifies errors and applies targeted prompt patches without updating model weights. On the MER2025 dataset, this approach improves F‑score across several large language‑vision models, outperforming static pipelines and matching or exceeding reflection baselines.
arXiv:2606. 24941v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reviewing recorded interviews for affective cues such as composure and agitation is slow and subjective, and cloud services that could automate the task require sensitive audio to leave the device.
SpeechEQ is a new benchmark that evaluates the sociolinguistic reasoning of Speech‑Language Models (SLMs) by using a dataset of 2,265 dialogues covering 15 Emotional Quotient (EQ) subscales from EQ‑i 2.0 theory. The framework introduces a multi‑turn evaluation protocol and a Spoken EQ (SEQ) score inspired by human EQ assessments. Experiments reveal that current multimodal models suffer from a text‑reliant shortcut, an alignment‑induced safety trap, and contextual amnesia, limiting their emotional awareness in spoken interaction.
arXiv:2609.14570v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-agent LLM systems combine multiple inference calls, but prior work often confounds how calls are connected with how they are diversified. We st...
DialFork is a new benchmark that evaluates procedural hallucination in conversational agents, a failure mode where agents produce fluent, factually plausible utterances but deviate from the intended dialogue process. The benchmark consists of 36,278 dialogues across 24 tasks in 12 domains, created by forking conformant dialogues and injecting one of four hallucination types, with validation by 30 human annotators. Three evaluation tasks are defined—monitoring overall deviation, procedural retrieval of a single dialogue, and real‑time detection of off‑track turns—using dialog‑flow‑aware metrics FlowKL and FlowScore, which outperform baseline semantic similarity metrics.