arXiv Machine Learning By Alireza Fallah, Michael I. Jordan, Annie Ulichney

The Statistical Fairness-Accuracy Frontier

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The paper investigates the tradeoff between fairness and accuracy when a single predictive model serves multiple demographic groups. It introduces the fairness-accuracy (FA) Pareto frontier, which identifies models that cannot be improved in either dimension without compromising the other. Focusing on finite-sample settings, the authors derive worst‑case‑optimal estimators, analyze how limited data asymmetrically affect each group’s welfare, and provide uniform bounds along the entire FA frontier.

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arXiv Statistics ML
5d ago

Targeted Learning for Inference on Data Fairness

The paper introduces a targeted learning approach to assess fairness in the data generating process used for training predictive models, rather than focusing solely on model performance. It derives estimators for demographic parity, equal opportunity, and conditional mutual information, and demonstrates through simulations that these estimators improve confidence‑interval coverage and reduce false detections of population unfairness compared to fixed‑model inference. The authors also apply the method to real data to illustrate its practical utility.

By Joseph H. Rudoler, Alexander Asemota, Giles Hooker