arXiv:2607. 19226v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has been established as a viable paradigm for the post-training of Large Language Models (LLMs), including downstream tasks, such as Neural Machine Translation (NMT).
By Michael Jungo, Aixiu An
arXiv:2605.31378v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) still struggle with fine-grained translation quality estimation (QE), even with long reasoning chains. We argue that...
By Renfei Dang, Xinye Wang, Zhejian Lai, Weilu Xu, Shimin Tao, Daimeng Wei, Min Zhang, Shujian Huang
The paper introduces Juris Policy Optimization (JPO), a post‑training framework designed to enhance structured legal reasoning in Chinese criminal judgment prediction. JPO first trains models with teacher‑generated rationales to guide a four‑step reasoning process, then applies reinforcement learning using a composite reward that balances prediction accuracy, reasoning completeness, and cross‑step consistency. Experiments on several open‑source language models and three Chinese legal benchmarks demonstrate that JPO consistently outperforms both supervised fine‑tuning and standard reinforcement learning baselines in terms of judgment prediction and reasoning quality.
By Zhaolu Kang, Yantao Liu, Tailong Luo, Leqi Zheng, Lei Wei, Chenghua Zhu, Junhao Gong, Jiachen Qian, Eric Hanchen Jiang, Jiaxin Liu, Yuan Wang, Hao Zhang, Zixia Wang, Rong Fu, Zheng Lin, Richeng Xuan, Zhichao Hu
The study investigates the performance gap between native-language reasoning and English-pivoted reasoning in large language models. By creating extensive multilingual reasoning datasets and fine‑tuning specialists on Qwen/Qwen3-8B-Base, the authors find that the native reasoning gap is much smaller (1.9–3.5%) than previously reported. They analyze weight‑space changes, discover a language‑agnostic reasoning core in the middle layers, and propose a Layer Swap technique that transfers these mid‑layer updates from an English specialist to native specialists, effectively closing most of the gap while maintaining native chain‑of‑thought output.
By Maxence Lasbordes, Am\'elie Chatelain, Djam\'e Seddah
arXiv:2606. 16118v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance on reasoning tasks, but whether this reflects faithful logical inference or heuristic approximation remains unclear.
By Olivia Peiyu Wang, Sanna Wong-Toropainen, Daneshvar Amrollahi, Ryan Bai, Tashvi Bansal, Arush Garg, Leilani H. Gilpin
arXiv:2605. 29738v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Legal NLP benchmarks overwhelmingly evaluate a single language or aggregate tasks that differ fundamentally across jurisdictions, making cross-lingual comparison impossible.
By Volodymyr Ovcharov