Pure and physics-guided deep learning approaches for spatio-temporal groundwater level prediction
Read the original on arXiv AI →The Flow has not summarised this story yet — read it at arXiv AI.
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The paper introduces a Physics Informed Recurrent Neural Network (PIRNN) that simultaneously predicts target time series and unobservable intermediate physical variables, enhancing robustness and interpretability. It adapts to any physical model with multiple equations and variables, demonstrated on groundwater level predictions using the Gardenia model. Experiments on twelve real‑world datasets show PIRNN outperforming several neural network baselines and the Gardenia model, with an ablation study confirming the value of physical knowledge.
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The paper introduces the Mass‑Conserving Perceptron (MCP), a physics‑aware AI framework that enforces conservation laws while learning hydrological process relationships from data. By progressively adding physically meaningful components—such as bounded soil storage, state‑dependent conductivity, variable porosity, infiltration capacity, surface ponding, vertical drainage, and nonlinear water‑table dynamics—to a single MCP storage unit, the authors demonstrate that predictive skill for daily streamflow improves across 15 U.S. catchments. The study finds that the impact of each process representation varies with hydroclimate, with vertical drainage boosting performance in arid and snow‑dominated basins but hindering it in rainfall‑dominated ones, while surface ponding has minimal effect; the best MCP configurations rival LSTM benchmarks while retaining explicit physical interpretability.
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