The paper introduces FAHOC, a hierarchical reinforcement learning framework that models patient preferences by learning high‑level therapeutic options and factored intra‑option policies, while enforcing a cooperation‑aware action masking mechanism. It demonstrates that cooperative patients achieve better health outcomes and that the Q‑function approximation error is bounded. Evaluated on data from ~50,000 comorbid hypertension and type 2 diabetes patients, FAHOC improves quality‑adjusted life years by 0.669, correctly identifies cooperative patients 95.9% of the time, and never violates patient preferences in held‑out tests.
By Nafiseh Payani, Soham Das, G. Anthony Wilson, Anahita Khojandi
arXiv:2606. 19092v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chronic disease management relies on regular patient-provider interactions to follow-up on disease progression and control.
By Parisa Lotfibagha, Kristen Miller, William J. Gallagher, Elizabeth B. Selden, Muge Capan
arXiv:2608. 05982v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inadequate target--disease linkage accounts for 40--50\% of Phase~II efficacy failures, so anticipating which programmes will advance would let sponsors back the hypotheses most likely to reach patients.
By Pui Chung Siu, Claudia Cabrera, Mani Mudaliar, Arkaitz Zubiaga
arXiv:2606. 06800v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mental health struggles wax and wane, yet clinical and wellness interventions typically operate separately, causing frequent breakdowns at care transitions.
By Tony Wang, Qian Yang
arXiv:2608. 02877v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Causal discovery recovers directed structure from observational data and is increasingly used in clinical settings to support mechanism reasoning and fairness audits of predictive models.
By Nitish Nagesh, Elahe Khatibi, Thomas Dean Hughes, Mahdi Bagheri, Pratik Gajane, Amir M. Rahmani
Adaptive Bayesian Partner Selection (ABPS) is a peer‑to‑peer federated learning framework designed for heterogeneous clinical centers, where each center maintains a Beta‑Bernoulli posterior over prospective peers’ Shapley marginal utility and selects partners using an Upper Confidence Bound criterion. The lightweight propose‑reject mechanism allows centers to collaborate only when mutually beneficial, with the option to abstain from communication entirely. In experiments on 230 non‑IID ICU centers predicting in‑hospital mortality, the ABPS‑X variant achieves comparable accuracy to the strongest baseline (FedDyn) while reducing communication cost by 90% and enabling intentional isolation for many centers.
By Navid Seidi, Satyaki Roy, Sajal K. Das