Neural Residual Modeling for Scientific Data Compression under Guaranteed Error Bounds

The paper introduces a new compression pipeline for scientific simulation data that combines Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) with a U‑Net post‑processing network to correct pixel‑space residuals, followed by a Guaranteed Autoencoder (GAE) that enforces block‑wise error bounds. The U‑Net is trained to predict spatially structured residuals, addressing limitations of latent‑space only approaches. Experiments on S3D, JHTDB, and E3SM datasets show improved NRMSE and compression ratios compared to RVQ alone while maintaining strict error guarantees.

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