The paper introduces a targeted learning approach to assess fairness in the data generating process used for training predictive models, rather than focusing solely on model performance. It derives estimators for demographic parity, equal opportunity, and conditional mutual information, and demonstrates through simulations that these estimators improve confidence‑interval coverage and reduce false detections of population unfairness compared to fixed‑model inference. The authors also apply the method to real data to illustrate its practical utility.
By Joseph H. Rudoler, Alexander Asemota, Giles Hooker
arXiv:2604. 16610v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Machine learning models often inherit biases from historical data, raising critical concerns about fairness and accountability.
By Yixiao Lin, James Booth
arXiv:2607. 05098v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When sensitive attributes are continuous and high-dimensional $-$ demographic score vectors, posteriors over attributes, age or income profiles $-$ enforcing full statistical independence is often too restrictive, and existing relaxations rely on indirect dependence penalties or adversarial schemes that do not directly target the fairness-accuracy trade-off.
By Ieva Petrulionyte, Julien Mairal, Michael Arbel
FairSplit decomposes the embedding space into a Fair Space for prediction and a Sensitive Space that isolates sensitive information, using a learnable mask and the Hilbert‑Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) to guide the separation. The method simultaneously trains for classification accuracy and independence from sensitive attributes, providing theoretical bounds on the demographic parity gap based on the Fair Space dimensionality and HSIC. It supports multiclass tasks and non‑binary sensitive attributes, achieving competitive accuracy‑fairness trade‑offs on established benchmarks.
arXiv:2407. 14766v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper presents a philosophical and experimental study of fairness interventions in AI classification, centered on the explainability and transparency of corrective methods, and on the opposition between two fairness criteria, namely Demographic Parity and Equalized Odds.
By Thomas Souverain, Paul \'Egr\'e
The paper investigates the tradeoff between fairness and accuracy when a single predictive model serves multiple demographic groups. It introduces the fairness-accuracy (FA) Pareto frontier, which identifies models that cannot be improved in either dimension without compromising the other. Focusing on finite-sample settings, the authors derive worst‑case‑optimal estimators, analyze how limited data asymmetrically affect each group’s welfare, and provide uniform bounds along the entire FA frontier.
By Alireza Fallah, Michael I. Jordan, Annie Ulichney