Do AI Agents Understand Computer Architecture?
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The paper investigates whether AI agents truly understand computer architecture by comparing their performance when the same 15‑dimensional accelerator design space is presented either as meaningful architectural knobs or as anonymous variables. Using the AutoTuring framework, the authors find that agents with architectural knowledge outperform blind agents on a nine‑kernel FP16 GEMM benchmark, yet a critic loop can largely recover this advantage. The study highlights that architectural knowledge and structured critique act as substitutes rather than complements in improving agent performance.
The paper introduces $ au^ au$-Bench, a benchmark that turns the construction of AI agents into a measurable task. In this environment a developer agent receives real business records, client requirements, a production API, an existing codebase, and constraints on cost and models, and must deliver a complete customer‑service agent. The benchmark evaluates performance by deploying the agent against simulated users, revealing that current state‑of‑the‑art models achieve only 23.9% success while an expert‑written reference scores 82.2%.
arXiv:2607. 21268v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In many social-science research tasks, such as economics, LLM-based agents must produce outputs for which no cheap, task-complete, machine-readable correctness signal exists.
arXiv:2607. 13034v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly automate multi-step engineering and informatics workflows, yet they rarely ask how much effort a task actually requires.
The paper introduces the concept of substrate blindness, where AI agents lack execution context in their planning. By providing a 128 MB RAM and 10 s wall‑time contract to large language models, the authors show that agents generate code that uses less memory, runs faster, and incorporates structural changes such as bounded blocking and in‑place buffers. Across three leading models, contract disclosure improved resource usage and correctness, demonstrating that minimal execution contracts can guide agents to produce more efficient programs.
We study what happens when a single general-purpose large language model acts as the sole researcher on a long-horizon neural architecture design problem. The agent receives a scientific question, an initial hypothesis and motivation, a compute budget, and research affordances (source and experiment management, experiment tracking, literature access, and persistent memory), then autonomously proposes, implements, evaluates, and records experiments over an extended period.