arXiv AI August 17, 2026 By Karel Becerra, Boris Mederos, Dean Snow, Ram\'on A. Mollineda

Decoding the Past: An Uncertainty-Aware Deep Learning Framework for Sex Attribution in Prehistoric Hand Stencils

arXiv:2608. 14539v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Determining the biological sex of the individuals who created Upper Paleolithic hand stencils remains a challenging problem due to the absence of ground truth, population differences between contemporary and prehistoric groups, and the uncertainty introduced by image degradation.

Summary generated by The Flow from the publisher's feed. The full article lives at arXiv AI.

safety

arXiv AI

Jul 31

Multimodal fusion of visual and morphometric features for avian bone classification

arXiv:2607. 26743v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Artificial intelligence has shown considerable potential for archaeological applications, yet its use in zooarchaeology remains limited, particularly for the identification of avian skeletal remains.

By Nevio Dubbini, Lisa Yeomans, Marco Pavia, Ramazan Parmaksiz, Ayse Atas Hooglugt, Gabriele Gattiglia, Beatrice Demarchi

multimodal

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 16

Learning a Sampling-Free Variational DNN Plugin from Tiny Training Sets to Refine OOD Segmentation With Uncertainty Estimation

arXiv:2606. 15837v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) frequently fail to generalize to out-of-distribution (OOD) medical images because of variations in scanners and acquisition protocols.

By Jimut B. Pal, Suyash P. Awate

computer-vision

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 18

Investigation of Neural Network Methods for Reconstruction and Classification of Texture Images Under Conditions of Incomplete Information

arXiv:2204. 14224v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The automated analysis of heterogeneous natural textures is frequently hindered by physical damage and data loss, presenting a significant challenge to computer vision.

By Galymzhan Abdimanap, Kairat Bostanbekov, Abdelrahman Abdallah, Anel Alimova, Darkhan Kurmangaliyev, Daniyar Nurseitov, Tatyana Dedova, Larissa Balakay, Serik Nurakynov

llms agents diffusion computer-vision benchmarks safety

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 21

Disentangling Model and Human Data Uncertainty in Apparent Facial Age Estimation

arXiv:2607. 16378v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Estimating the apparent age of individuals from facial images is challenging due to the subjective nature of perception and the inherent variability of the data.

By Andrei Foitos, Ivo Pascal de Jong, Matias Valdenegro-Toro

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 31

Uncertainty quantification for trustworthy deep learning: Methods and measures

arXiv:2607. 28248v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The deployment of deep neural networks in safety-critical domains demands reliable estimates of predictive confidence, yet conventional architectures lack principled uncertainty quantification.

By H. Martin Gillis, Thomas Trappenberg

llms safety

arXiv Machine Learning

1d ago

Beyond Boundary Noise: Aggregated Aleatoric Uncertainty Fails to Capture Presence Ambiguity in 3D Lung Nodule Segmentation

arXiv:2608. 14766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Uncertainty estimation is critical for the safe clinical deployment of deep learning in medical image segmentation, with aleatoric uncertainty theoretically designed to capture irreducible data ambiguity.

By Simon Baur, Arne Schernich, Ekin B\"oke, Wojciech Samek, Jackie Ma

computer-vision safety

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Multimodal fusion of visual and morphometric features for avian bone classification

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