arXiv Computation and Language By Saehee Eom, Tejas Khandwekar

Cross-Lingual Persona Effects in LLM Negotiation

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The study investigates whether a prompt that instructs a large language model (LLM) negotiator to be "headstrong" elicits consistent behavior across languages. Using Gemini 3.6 Flash and Qwen 3.7 Flash to negotiate 12 CraigslistBargain scenarios in English and Korean, the authors find that Korean negotiations reach agreement more often, with larger seller concessions and lower final prices, especially for neutral and headstrong buyers. Politeness mitigation in Korean dialogue explains the behavioral differences, showing that a single social‑policy prompt can produce distinct negotiation outcomes when the interaction language changes.

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