arXiv Computer Vision By Yuhuan Lu, Sergio Valencia, Yuanji Zhang, Yuhao Huang, Camilo Jaimes, P. Ellen Grant, Davood Karimi

AWR-Net: Decoupling Anatomy and Appearance for 3D Fetal Brain Ultrasound Synthesis

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The paper introduces AWR-Net, a two‑stage framework that decouples anatomy and appearance to synthesize realistic 3D fetal brain ultrasound volumes from anatomical label maps. The first stage uses wavelet diffusion to generate volumes from atlas pairs in the wavelet domain, while the second stage applies residual refinement in the image domain to adapt to real ultrasound appearance. Experiments on real fetal brain ultrasound data show that AWR‑Net outperforms existing synthesis methods, improving metrics such as normalized cross‑correlation and Fréchet Inception Distance, and also enhances downstream segmentation, especially for severe abnormal cases.

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