AI Scientists for Building Virtual-Cell Models

The paper introduces CellForge, a team of autonomous agents that can autonomously generate, train, and validate predictive models for single‑cell perturbation data across transcriptomic, epigenomic, and proteomic contexts. By surveying literature, parsing data, and engaging in critic‑mediated discussions among specialized agents, CellForge produces end‑to‑end model architectures and code without human specification, achieving performance competitive with state‑of‑the‑art hand‑crafted methods. Human evaluators found CellForge’s research plans to be more scientifically sound and innovative than those produced by single large language models or deep‑research systems.

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• llms
• agents
• benchmarks