arXiv Machine Learning

Semantic Reasoning in Medicine: The Role of Knowledge Graphs Across Five Key Domains

arXiv:2606. 15155v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Knowledge graphs (KGs) have emerged as a promising solution for integrating and reasoning over complex biomedical and clinical data in healthcare.

arXiv AI
Sep 7

REFINE: LLM Refinement over Budgeted Text-Attributed Graphs for Personalized Medical Concept Representation

REFINE is a framework that refines medical concept representations by creating patient‑specific temporal graphs from a global text‑attributed knowledge graph. It uses a reinforcement learning policy to allocate a personalized graph expansion budget for each observed code, then processes the resulting graph with a heterogeneous GNN and a frozen LLM that refines representations via graph‑aware soft prompts. Experiments on MIMIC‑III and MIMIC‑IV demonstrate that REFINE consistently improves various EHR prediction backbones, surpasses strong baselines, and shows robust gains across ablation studies, KG selection, and data insufficiency scenarios.

By Mohsen Nayebi Kerdabadi, Arya Hadizadeh Moghaddam, Dongjie Wang, Zijun Yao
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 21

HERMES: Contrast-Aware Knowledge Graph Reasoning from Clinical Notes for Patient Outcome Prediction

HERMES is a graph-based framework that uses only clinical text to predict patient outcomes. It builds personalized Knowledge Graphs from clinical notes via Large‑Language‑Model‑guided extraction and Contrastive Logic Modeling, capturing temporal dynamics and treatment changes. A Graph Attention Network then synthesizes patient representations, and experiments on MIMIC‑III and MIMIC‑IV show HERMES outperforms text‑only baselines for in‑hospital mortality and 30‑day readmission prediction.

By Gia-Bach Nguyen, Hoang-Ha Nguyen, Tuan-Cuong Vuong, Trang Mai Xuan, Duy Quoc Ngo, Tien-Cuong Nguyen, Huan Vu, Thien Van Luong
arXiv AI
Sep 10

Building evidence-based knowledge bases from full-text literature for disease-specific biomedical reasoning

EvidenceNet is a disease‑specific dataset that transforms full‑text biomedical literature into structured evidence records and graph representations, preserving study design, provenance, and quantitative support. Using an LLM‑assisted pipeline, it extracts experimentally grounded findings, normalizes entities, scores evidence quality, and links related records via typed semantic relations. The released subsets—EvidenceNet‑HCC and EvidenceNet‑CRC—contain thousands of evidence records and richly connected graphs, with high extraction and relation‑type accuracy, enabling retrieval‑augmented question answering and graph‑based tasks such as link prediction and target prioritization.

By Chang Zong, Jinyu Chen, Sicheng Lv, Si-tu Xue, Huilin Zheng, Jian Wan, Lei Zhang
arXiv AI
Aug 25

Neural-Symbolic Reasoning over Knowledge Graphs: A Survey from a Query Perspective

The article surveys neural-symbolic reasoning over knowledge graphs from a query perspective, highlighting the limitations of traditional symbolic methods when dealing with incomplete or noisy data. It discusses how the fusion of deep learning and symbolic reasoning—termed Neural Symbolic AI—offers interpretable and versatile solutions, and examines the role of large language models in advancing knowledge graph inference. The survey provides a comprehensive review of query types, classification of neural-symbolic approaches, and future directions for integrating LLMs with knowledge graph reasoning.

By Lihui Liu, Zihao Wang, Hanghang Tong
arXiv AI
Aug 24

LingShu: A Large-Scale Symptom-Centric Contextualized Knowledge Graph Bridging Traditional Chinese Medicine and Modern Biomedicine

LingShu is a large-scale, symptom‑centric knowledge graph that bridges Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and modern biomedicine. It contains 17.33 million entity records and 39.47 million relation records, combining 17.19 million semantic triples with 22.29 million contextualized quadruples to encode conditional medical associations. The graph integrates data from electronic medical records, TCM texts, biomedical ontologies, and curated knowledge bases, and is supported by a web platform offering visualization, reasoning, and evidence‑grounded question answering.

By Rui Hua, Zixin Shu, Kai Chang, Dengying Yan, Jianan Xia, Hui Zhu, Shujie Song, Shurui Yang, Tongxin Wang, Yue Yin, Yu Wei, Lijuan Pei, Yunhui Hu, Hao Xu, Mingzhong Xiao, Xiaodong Li, Haibin Yu, Runshun Zhang, Wenjia Wang, Baoyan Liu, Xuezhong Zhou
arXiv AI
Jun 3

ChatHealthAI: Aligning Electronic Health Record Representations with Large Language Models for Grounded Clinical Reasoning

arXiv:2606. 02802v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong natural-language reasoning abilities for clinical decision support, but struggle to effectively model structured longitudinal electronic health records (EHRs).

By Bo-Hong Wang, Baicheng Peng, Ruilin Wang, Jun Bai, Ziyang Song, Yue Li
arXiv AI
Aug 25

Clinical Graph-JEPA: Predictive Patient-State Knowledge Graphs for Cognitive Decision Support

The paper introduces Clinical Graph-JEPA, a framework for building and refining predictive patient-state knowledge graphs from clinical records. It combines multi-agent relation proposal, ontology-aware normalization, deterministic evidence scoring, and JEPA-based latent refinement to construct evidence-scored graphs from MIMIC-IV data and recover missing clinical relations. Experiments show that injecting discharge-note representations into note-grounded entities boosts leave-one-out MRR by 31% relative improvement.

By Kushagra Yadav, Nalin Prabhath, Amit Lamba, Goeun Han, Yining Mao