arXiv Computation and Language

Mind the Shift: Decoding Monetary Policy Stance from FOMC Statements with Large Language Models

The paper introduces Delta-Consistent Scoring (DCS), an annotation‑free method that uses large language model representations to produce continuous monetary‑policy stance scores. DCS jointly learns absolute stance for each FOMC statement and relative shifts between consecutive statements, enforcing consistency through a delta‑consistency objective. The approach outperforms supervised probes and LLM‑as‑judge baselines, achieving up to 71.1% accuracy on sentence‑level hawkish‑dovish classification and producing meeting‑level scores that correlate strongly with inflation indicators and Treasury yield movements.

arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 23

From Tone to Trajectory: Continuous Sentiment and the Shape of Monetary Policy Communication

The paper examines how the shape of sentiment—how positive or negative tones are sequenced—within ECB and Fed press conferences predicts policy outcomes. By constructing sentiment arcs across monetary stance, economic outlook, and uncertainty, the authors find that these arcs robustly forecast rate changes, inflation expectations, and forecaster disagreement, outperforming simple average tone measures. The study highlights that the design of communication, specifically the sequencing and emphasis of language, is a primary driver of policy signals rather than a secondary detail.

By Martin Feldkircher, M\'arton Kardos, Kristoffer Laigaard Nielbo
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 20

Converting Expert Deliberation into Financial Signals Through A Context-Aware NLP Pipeline

The paper presents the CDSP (context-conditional deliberation signal pipeline), which transforms investment committee meeting transcripts into structured predictive features. CDSP segments transcripts into topical chunks, assigns asset‑class context labels via a large language model, maps financial keywords to a taxonomy, and adds sentiment polarity and mention frequency features. Using these engineered features on 48 monthly meetings, the best model—combining sentence embeddings with CDSP features—achieves 73% accuracy and a 0.73 F1 score, outperforming a simple stock‑choice baseline, though the improvement is not statistically significant.

By Vivek Batra, Kristin Chen, Sanjiv Das, Samuel Judge, Harshad Khadilkar, Sukrit Mittal, Amir Nasrollahzadeh, Daniel Ostrov, Jacob Sisk
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 9

Can Decision Models Understand Stance? Evaluating Jev Against General-Purpose LLMs

The paper evaluates Jev, a specialized decision model, on stance detection tasks using the VAST (English) and ZS-CSD (Chinese) datasets. Jev matches GPT‑5.6 and outperforms other general‑purpose LLMs on VAST, but lags behind stronger LLMs on ZS‑CSD, especially in distinguishing favor from against. The authors suggest that Jev’s limitations may stem from difficulties in understanding reply relationships and stance direction rather than conversation length.

By Xing Li, Jinzhong Ning, Yijia Zhang, Liang Yang, Hongfei Lin
arXiv AI
Sep 24

Count Evidence, Not Sentences: Tempered Evidence Fusion of LLM Judgments for Long-Text Value Measurement

arXiv:2609.27165v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to measure public value orientations from long social media posts, yet such posts often mix backgr...

By Yuhe Wu, Rui Qian, Guangyu Wang, Yuran Chen, Yuanchao Zhu, Junjie Yang, Zhengheng Li, Jiulin Cai, Tianyi Zhang, Zihan Dong, Jiaxin Liu, Yujie Chen, Guang Zhang
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 12

MoPrO-SD: Modular Prompt Optimization for Stance Detection

MoPrO‑SD is a stance‑specific prompt optimization framework that breaks prompts into semantic modules and refines them sequentially with LLM feedback. It evaluates three refinement strategies—instruction‑only, instruction with reasoning, and instruction with per‑example reasoning—using class‑conditioned errors to improve stance detection. The authors also release VaccineStance, a new human‑annotated benchmark for vaccine stance detection, and demonstrate that MoPrO‑SD outperforms human‑written base prompts across multiple datasets and open‑weight LLMs.

By Meysam Sabbaghan, Nikesh Gyawali, Arman Zareian Jahromi, Sebastian Loera-Lozano, Doina Caragea, Cornelia Caragea