arXiv AI By Yuhe Wu, Rui Qian, Guangyu Wang, Yuran Chen, Yuanchao Zhu, Junjie Yang, Zhengheng Li, Jiulin Cai, Tianyi Zhang, Zihan Dong, Jiaxin Liu, Yujie Chen, Guang Zhang

Count Evidence, Not Sentences: Tempered Evidence Fusion of LLM Judgments for Long-Text Value Measurement

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arXiv AI
Sep 7

MABPD: Multi-Agent Bias Probing & Detection via Structured Argument Debate

MABPD (Multi‑Agent Bias Probing & Detection) is a training‑free pipeline that uses three specialized large language model agents to analyze news articles from complementary perspectives and resolve disagreements via a Structured Argument Debate (SAD) protocol. SAD imposes an asymmetric burden of proof—biased claims lacking grounded textual evidence receive zero weight—along with role‑weighted voting and post‑consensus verification, replacing task‑specific supervised decision boundaries. Ablation studies show that the debate module alone accounts for up to a 10.6‑point F1 gain, and on the BABE benchmark MABPD attains 83.4% macro F1, within 0.7 percentage points of the supervised state‑of‑the‑art, while achieving 75.0% zero‑shot accuracy on the SemEval 2019 HyperPartisan corpus.

By Garvit Joshi (Graphic Era University, Dehradun, India), Stavya Dhyani (Graphic Era University, Dehradun, India), Jasmine (Graphic Era University, Dehradun, India), Arun Chauhan (Graphic Era University, Dehradun, India)
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 2

PromptNCE: Conditional Probabilities and PMI Using Only LLMs and Contrastive Estimation Prompts

The paper introduces PromptNCE, a zero‑shot method that uses large language models to estimate pointwise mutual information (PMI) by framing conditional probability estimation as a contrastive task with an explicit OTHER category. The authors benchmark PromptNCE against four other prompting‑based estimators on three human‑annotated datasets, finding that PromptNCE achieves the best conditional probability estimates and Spearman correlations up to 0.78 for full PMI. A case study demonstrates the method’s utility for scoring student knowledge summaries in low‑data settings, and the authors release code and prompts for reproducibility.

By Juliette Woodrow, Chris Piech
arXiv AI
Sep 10

Evaluating and Improving Evidence-Grounded Fact-Checking in LLMs via Multi-Round Evidence Ablation

The paper introduces Fact-Ablated Evaluation (FAE), a framework that iteratively removes cited evidence to test whether large language models (LLMs) adjust their fact‑checking predictions accordingly. Experiments reveal that many off‑the‑shelf LLMs rely more on internal knowledge than on the provided evidence. To address this, the authors propose REAL, a training method that uses counterfactual evidence supervision to encourage LLMs to base veracity judgments on evidence, achieving better evidence‑dependent performance across four datasets.

By Xingyu Deng, Mingzi Cao, Nikolaos Aletras, Xi Wang, Mark Stevenson