arXiv:2506.12045v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Much of the physical world is inaccessible to direct measurement and can be reached only through the sparse traces it leaves in other observable va...
arXiv:2507. 03094v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Many challenges in scientific imaging involve solving ill-posed inverse problems, where the goal is to recover spatio-temporal fields from indirect, noisy, and highly sparse measurements - often without access to ground truth data or reliable simulators.
The paper introduces Neptune, a method that uses independent coordinate neural networks to infer parameter fields in multi-physics PDEs from sparse measurements. Neptune can accurately estimate parameters with nonlinear, spatiotemporal variations, outperforming existing techniques by reducing estimation errors by up to two orders of magnitude and improving dynamic response predictions by a factor of ten. It also demonstrates strong physical extrapolation, enabling reliable predictions beyond the training data.
TRACE is a retrospective streaming generative reconstruction framework designed to recover continuous physical fields from sparse, structured sensing streams. It performs approximate Bayesian inference in a continuous-coordinate latent space, fuses sparse off‑grid measurements with a state‑space temporal prior via Kalman‑style filtering, and refines past frames through retrospective smoothing. Experiments on active matter, ocean sound‑speed fields, and supernova simulations demonstrate that TRACE matches or surpasses existing frame‑wise generative reconstructors, offline spatiotemporal methods, and streaming data‑assimilation baselines in reconstruction quality under temporally sparse and spatially localized sensing protocols.
arXiv:2605. 27527v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Astrophysical observations from Earth are subject to weather, environmental, and scientific constraints that lead to sparse, irregular light curves.
Sparse Reconstruction by Direct Measurement-to-Field Generation in Function Space introduces a functional rectified flow framework called Direct Measurement-to-Field Generation (DMF) that learns to generate physical fields directly from sparse measurements. Unlike traditional grid-based methods, DMF jointly learns a sensor–global–sensor representation and a generative transport mechanism, enabling dynamic fusion of local grounding with global context to evaluate fields at arbitrary query coordinates. Benchmarks demonstrate that DMF outperforms baselines in scenarios with unknown boundaries, missing high-resolution training data, and unmeasured quantities, while its stochastic ensemble generation provides reliable uncertainty quantification and improved continuous ranked probability scores.
The paper presents a deep ensemble graph neural network (GNN) approach for reconstructing the arrival direction and energy of ultra‑high‑energy cosmic rays from voltage traces recorded by ground‑based radio detector arrays. Triggered antennas are modeled as a graph input to the GNN, and physical knowledge is embedded in both the architecture and data to improve precision while reducing training set size. The method achieves an angular resolution of 0.092° and an electromagnetic energy resolution of 16.4% on simulated data with realistic noise, and includes uncertainty estimation and robustness checks for real‑world applicability.
arXiv:2601. 17074v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Accurate estimation in time-varying inverse problems under limited and sparse observations remains a fundamental challenge across scientific domains.
arXiv:2601. 17074v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Accurate estimation of unobserved quantities in time-varying inverse problems remains challenging when observations are sparse and only indirectly related to the target variable.
arXiv:2610.01759v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generating and predicting spatiotemporal physical fields from scarce measurements is challenging, as observations are insufficient to characterize a di...
arXiv:2607. 25687v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Full-field reconstruction of air pollution is essential for evaluating pollution exposure and supporting public health decision-making.
arXiv:2610.41596v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Data Assimilation (DA) reconstructs the state of a spatio-temporal system by combining sensor observations with the output of a numerical model. Since...