arXiv AI

Inverting Foundation Models of Brain Function with Simulation-Based Inference

arXiv AI
Aug 5

Emulate or Estimate? The Divergent Strengths of Base and Post-Trained Language Models for Opinion Simulation

arXiv:2608. 03044v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are increasingly used to simulate human opinions, but prior work reports conflicting results: some studies find promising alignment with human survey data, while others find persona collapse and weak demographic sensitivity.

By Seth Grief-Albert, Jessica Bo, Difan Jiao, Ashton Anderson
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 11

Cross-lingual brain-language model alignment is robust but challenges hierarchical and computational accounts

The study examined whether brain-language model alignment reflects shared computational mechanisms or merely stable lexical‑semantic correspondences. Using whole‑brain encoding across Mandarin, English, and French, transformer representations predicted activity in a distributed network that overlapped across languages and remained stable across layers. Contextual embeddings and measures of prediction or compression did not outperform static lexical embeddings, suggesting that alignment is robust but not informative about shared computational processes.

By Ni Yang, Rui He, Philipp Homan, Iris Sommer, Davide Staub, Wolfram Hinzen
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 30

BrainJanus: A Unified Model for Understanding and Generation across Brain, Vision, and Language

arXiv:2606. 30319v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modeling the bidirectional correspondence between external sensory stimuli and internal neural activity has emerged as a critical frontier in neuroscience.

By Haitao Wu, Qirui Zhang, Zhouheng Yao, Shangquan Sun, Qihao Zheng, Mianxin Liu, Chi Zhang, Wanli Ouyang, Chunfeng Song, Changqing Zhang, Jiamin Wu
arXiv AI
Jul 22

Large Language Models Explore by Latent Distilling

arXiv:2604. 24927v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generating diverse responses is crucial for test-time scaling of large language models (LLMs), yet standard stochastic sampling mostly yields surface-level lexical variation, limiting semantic exploration.

By Yuanhao Zeng, Ao Lu, Lufei Li, Zheng Zhang, Yexin Li, Kan Ren
arXiv AI
Jun 16

OmniMouse: Scaling properties of multi-modal, multi-task Brain Models on 150B Neural Tokens

arXiv:2604. 18827v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Scaling data and artificial neural networks has transformed AI, driving breakthroughs in language and vision.

By Konstantin F. Willeke, Polina Turishcheva, Alex Gilbert, Goirik Chakrabarty, Hasan A. Bedel, Paul G. Fahey, Yongrong Qiu, Marissa A. Weis, Michaela Vystr\v{c}ilov\'a, Taliah Muhammad, Lydia Ntanavara, Rachel E. Froebe, Kayla Ponder, Zheng Huan Tan, Emin Orhan, Erick Cobos, Sophia Sanborn, Katrin Franke, Fabian H. Sinz, Alexander S. Ecker, Andreas S. Tolias