The paper introduces NARA, a self‑supervised framework for learning representations of heterogeneous vector geospatial entities such as roads, buildings, and points of interest. NARA uses spatial‑context‑aware attention to model spatial autocorrelation, masked semantic modeling, geometry‑aware relation modeling, and relation‑conditioned regularization to capture diverse spatial relations. The resulting frozen, task‑agnostic encoder outperforms specialized state‑of‑the‑art methods on traffic‑speed prediction, building‑function classification, and next point‑of‑interest prediction.
arXiv:2606. 02374v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Earth Observation (EO) has fundamentally transformed the monitoring of environmental processes and human activities up to planetary scale.
arXiv:2507. 02921v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Learning effective representations of urban environments requires capturing spatial structure beyond fixed administrative boundaries.
The paper introduces TTL‑SR, a geometry‑aware Test‑Time Learning framework designed to improve quantitative spatial reasoning in visual‑language models. By augmenting queries with geometrically coupled auxiliary prompts, filtering unreliable predictions, and updating models with a geometry‑aware multi‑objective loss on unlabeled test data, TTL‑SR adapts models to new domains without additional 3D supervision. Experiments show substantial accuracy gains on the Q‑Spatial‑ScanNet dataset for two state‑of‑the‑art VLMs.
arXiv:2606. 04381v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent large language models (LLMs) often appear to exhibit spatial reasoning ability; however, this capability is largely \emph{symbolic}, arising from pattern matching over spatial language rather than true \emph{geometric} reasoning over space.
arXiv:2606. 28390v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Geospatial vector data quality is a foundational research topic in GIS, yet classic rule-based quality assessment algorithms often struggle with diverse urban morphologies and massive data volumes.
arXiv:2507. 00028v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The representation of urban trajectory data plays a critical role in effectively analyzing spatial movement patterns.
Recent large language models (LLMs) often appear to exhibit spatial reasoning ability; however, this capability is largely \emph{symbolic}, arising from pattern matching over spatial language rather than true \emph{geometric} reasoning over space. Because LLMs operate on discrete tokens, they lack native support for continuous spatial representations, explicit geometric computation, and structured spatial operators.
MoRA is a human‑centric geospatial representation learning framework that uses a large mobility graph as its backbone to fuse spatial tokenization, graph neural networks, and asymmetric contrastive learning. It aligns over 100 million points of interest, massive remote sensing imagery, and structured demographic data with a billion‑edge mobility graph, producing compact 128‑dimensional embeddings that capture socio‑economic context and functional roles of locations. On a benchmark of nine downstream social and economic prediction tasks, MoRA outperforms state‑of‑the‑art models by an average of 12.9% and demonstrates scaling behavior analogous to large language models.
The paper introduces LoReST, a Local-Region Spatial Temporal network designed for large-scale traffic forecasting. LoReST captures local spatial heterogeneity by relation-aware aggregation within node neighborhoods and incorporates cross-region context through mean pooling, inter-region attention, and broadcasting back to nodes. Experiments on the LargeST benchmark demonstrate significant improvements, reducing MAE, RMSE, and MAPE by 4.78%, 3.60%, and 5.75% respectively.
HERMES++ is a unified driving world model that simultaneously performs 3D scene understanding and future geometry prediction. It uses a BEV representation to merge multi‑view spatial data for LLM compatibility, introduces LLM‑enhanced world queries for knowledge transfer, and employs a Current‑to‑Future Link to condition future geometry on semantic context. A Joint Geometric Optimization strategy enforces structural integrity by combining explicit geometric constraints with implicit latent regularization, and extensive benchmark tests show that HERMES++ outperforms specialist methods in both point cloud prediction and scene understanding.
arXiv:2610.18694v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) struggle with metric and multi-view relationships that remain implicit in RGB observations. Geometry foundation models...
arXiv:2601. 21149v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent progress in geospatial foundation models highlights the importance of learning general-purpose representations for real-world locations, particularly points-of-interest (POIs) where human activity concentrates.