arXiv Machine Learning

Exposing Blind Spots in Deep Imbalanced Regression Evaluation

arXiv AI
Sep 17

Reliable Virtual Sensing: A Multi-Domain Benchmark for Robustness Under Sensor Failures

The paper introduces MuViS-C, a multi‑domain benchmark that evaluates the robustness of learning‑based virtual sensing models against ten common sensor failure modes, ranging from subtle drifts to catastrophic dropouts. It assesses models using average error, relative degradation, and worst‑case fragility across nine datasets from six domains, comparing six architectures (gradient‑boosted trees, convolution, recurrence, attention, and MLP‑mixing). The study finds that all models degrade under corruption, gradient‑boosted trees are most robust, and targeted robustification can improve attention models at the cost of nominal performance.

By Jens U. Brandt, Noah C. Puetz, Alexander Windmann, Marc Hilbert, Elena Raponi, Thomas B\"ack, Thomas Bartz-Beielstein
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 7

Beyond Homoscedasticity: Decoupled Uncertainty Optimization for Deep Imbalanced Regression

The paper introduces DUO, a framework for Deep Imbalanced Regression that models each prediction as a conditional Gaussian to capture instance‑level uncertainty. By decoupling mean and variance optimization, DUO enhances learning signals for tail samples and mitigates gradient coupling that hampers hard examples. A distribution‑guided contrastive learning component further refines feature representations, leading to state‑of‑the‑art performance on several visual and biological regression benchmarks.

By Juncheng Zhou, Jiaxi Lu, Weijing Zeng, Zhong Li, Hao Qi, Jingsong Cui
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 14

Vertical Fusion: Condensing Internal Representations for Robust ViT Classification

arXiv:2607. 10391v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Despite exposing rich intermediate representations, Vision Transformers (ViTs) are almost exclusively utilized as black-box feature extractors, where only the last layer is considered for downstream tasks.

By Francesco Di Salvo, Shyam Nandan Rai, Hamed Damirchi, Ignacio Meza De la Jara, Sebastian Doerrich, Marco Lents, Christian Ledig
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 23

Margin-Drop Coordinates for Cross-Budget Robustness Evaluation

arXiv:2609.26081v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fixed-budget robustness evaluation can select the wrong frozen vision encoder. An encoder that survives a shallow attack may lose most of that robustne...

By Yanliang Huang, Zhen Zhang, Peng Xie, Wenyuan Wu, Sitong Zhu, Zhuoqi Zeng, Amr Alanwar
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 10

When to Align, When to Predict: A Phase Diagram for Multimodal Learning

arXiv:2606. 11190v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cross-modal alignment (CA) and cross-modal prediction (CP) are the dominant paradigms for multimodal representation learning, yet there is no systematic understanding of when each succeeds, when each fails, and when cross-modal training helps at all -- a gap that leaves practitioners, especially in scientific domains like biomedicine or astrophysics, with heterogeneous instruments and multiple levels of organization and measurement, unable to diagnose why standard methods underperform the best single modality.

By Ilay Kamai, Hugues Van Assel, Aviv Regev, Hagai B. Perets, Randall Balestriero
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 21

Leakage-Robust Evaluation and Data-Scale Sensitivity of Attention-Enhanced Multi-Task Learning for Joint Fault Diagnosis and Remaining Useful Life Estimation

arXiv:2607. 16493v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-task deep learning models that jointly perform fault classification and remaining useful life (RUL) regression are increasingly used in predictive maintenance, yet reported performance can be strongly affected by how sliding-window sequences are split into training and test sets.

By Md Mahamudur Rahaman Shamim, Md. Nuruzzaman, Zannatul Ferdus, Md Rajib Ahmed, Abieer Nwshad Anward, Mohammad Tooneer, Johir Uddin Khan, Khalid Hossen