Emergent Abilities in Large Language Models: A Survey reviews how scaling LLMs leads to previously unseen capabilities such as advanced reasoning, in-context learning, coding, and problem-solving. The paper critically examines definitions, inconsistencies, and the conditions that foster these abilities, including scaling laws, task complexity, pre‑training loss, quantization, and prompting strategies. It also discusses the extension to Large Reasoning Models and highlights safety concerns like deception, manipulation, and reward hacking, calling for improved evaluation and governance.
By Leonardo Berti, Flavio Giorgi, Gjergji Kasneci
arXiv:2608.21088v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Mufwene's ecological model locates language evolution in competition among variants contributed by individual idiolects and in speakers' selection from...
By Kunmei Han
arXiv:2409. 01754v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: From the printing press to social media, innovations in communication technology have repeatedly reshaped how ideas spread through human culture.
By Hiromu Yakura, Ezequiel Lopez-Lopez, Levin Brinkmann, Ignacio de la Serna, Lara Kirfel, Prateek Gupta, Ivan Soraperra, Thomas F. Eisenmann, Dirk U. Wulff, Iyad Rahwan
arXiv:2601. 19082v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents that negotiate, coordinate, and act on behalf of users.
By Trung-Kiet Huynh, Dao-Sy Duy-Minh, Thanh-Bang Cao, Phong-Hao Le, Hong-Dan Nguyen, Phu-Quy Nguyen-Lam, Minh-Luan Nguyen-Vo, Hong-Phat Pham, Phu-Hoa Pham, Thien-Kim Than, Chi-Nguyen Tran, Huy Tran, Gia-Thoai Tran-Le, Alessio Buscemi, Le Hong Trang, The Anh Han
arXiv:2608. 11215v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Simulating societies of many large language model (LLM) agents is expensive, yet the questions asked of such simulations are usually macroscopic: phase behaviour, stylised facts, and scaling with the number of agents $N$, not the cognition of any single agent.
By Igor Itkin
arXiv:2605. 31514v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Much research has been carried out on large language models (LLMs) and LLM-powered agentic workflows.
By Adrian de Wynter
arXiv:2607. 17948v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent-based models (ABMs) rely on simple, explicit and reproducible rules for individual decision making, while complex collective behavior emerges from interactions among agents.
By Stefano Blando, Emanuele Guerrazzi, Riccardo Porcedda, Giuseppe Squillace, Max Tschaikowski, Andrea Vandin
arXiv:2608. 00155v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents can self-evolve by continually improving from their own accumulated experience.
By Dong Yan, Jian Liang, Dapeng Hu, Ran He, Nicholas Jing Yuan, Qi Zhang, Tieniu Tan
arXiv:2607. 27134v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Writing and communication are increasingly mediated by large language models (LLMs) that are being used to draft, revise and polish text.
By Suhas Thejaswi, Juhi Kulshreshta, Lutz Oettershagen
arXiv:2608. 01918v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Harness design plays a critical role in agent performance by shaping how large language models (LLMs) perceive, reason over, and act within executable environments.
By Luan Zhang, Ruochen Zhou, Dandan Song, Zhengyu Chen, Yuhang Tian, Jun Yang, Huipeng Ma, Chenhao Li, Guangyuan Feng, Xudong Li, Yizhou Jin, Yan Xu
arXiv:2609.00474v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: LLMs are increasingly deployed as orchestrators that coordinate specialized subagents to solve complex tasks through natural language. However, in ma...
By Harini S I, Somesh Singh, Yaman K Singla, Rajiv Ratn Shah, David Doermann, Balaji Krishnamurthy