Large language models (LLMs) are used worldwide, yet disproportionately reflect Western values, limiting their ability to represent diverse value systems. We introduce PLURAL, a large-scale, value-focused preference dataset grounded in the Integrated Values Survey (IVS), a nationally representative survey spanning 92 countries.
arXiv:2607. 08034v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are used worldwide, yet disproportionately reflect Western values, limiting their ability to represent diverse value systems.
By Dhruv Agarwal, Anya Shukla, Tanya Goyal, Aditya Vashistha
arXiv:2509. 08022v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Aligning large language models (LLMs) with diverse human values is essential for safe and effective deployment, yet existing benchmarks often overlook cultural and demographic variation.
By Yao Liang, Dongcheng Zhao, Feifei Zhao, Guobin Shen, Yuwei Wang, Dongqi Liang, Yi Zeng
arXiv:2608.03446v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Multilingual large language models (LLMs) have been shown to perform better on non-English classification tasks when the representations of the giv...
By Adnan Al Ali, Kathy H\"ammerl, Jind\v{r}ich Libovick\'y, Alexander Fraser
arXiv:2608.29948v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Evaluating data-text alignment remains challenging: existing metrics often provide limited explanations for the scores, while prompt-based LLM-as-Judge...
By Kun Efimov-Zhang, Yifei Song, Claire Gardent
The paper proposes a method for culturally aligning large language models (LLMs) using soft prompt tuning optimized via Differential Evolution (DE). Unlike traditional fine‑tuning or reinforcement learning, this approach keeps model weights frozen and requires no preference data, instead leveraging aggregated survey scores from Hofstede's Value Survey Module (VSM13). Experiments on four countries and four instruction‑tuned models show that DE‑optimized prompts reduce cultural discrepancy, improve agreement with the World Values Survey, and are preferred in blinded pairwise evaluations by LLM judges.
By Reem I. Masoud, Martin Ferianc, Philip Treleaven, Miguel Rodrigues
arXiv:2604. 06210v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As LLMs are globally deployed, aligning their cultural value orientations is critical for safety and user engagement.
By Jaehyeok Lee, Xiaoyuan Yi, Jing Yao, Hyunjin Hwang, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, Xing Xie, JinYeong Bak
Indic quality estimation (QE) and automatic post-editing (APE) data is spread across separate releases, so no single resource supports training and evaluation across tasks and language pairs on one footing. We consolidate the WMT 2020--2024 shared-task lineage with an extended English--Malayalam resource into \indicqe: $126{,}754$ instances over nine directional pairs, with up to four label types aligned on the same segment, a direct assessment, a human post-edit, word-level OK/BAD tags and an error explanation, and a test set stratified over four difficulty axes.
arXiv:2609.13615v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: For our submission to the WMT26 Creole Language Translation Shared Task, we focus on machine translation (MT) models for Pacific creoles: Tok Pisin, Bi...
By Rapha\"el Merx, Nick Thieberger, Ekaterina Vylomova
Preference optimisation has proven effective for improving large language models but typically relies on costly human preference annotations. Extending these methods to morphologically rich, low-resource languages remains challenging because such annotations are scarce.
arXiv:2602. 03160v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with the diverse spectrum of human values remains a central challenge: preference-based methods often fail to capture deeper motivational principles.
By Woojin Kim, Sieun Hyeon, Jusang Oh, Jaeyoung Do
arXiv:2609.18720v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Learned quality estimation (QE) models such as COMETKiwi are widespread and work well for general machine translation evaluation. However, they are kno...
By Kathy H\"ammerl, Gabriel Bretschner, Joern Wuebker