arXiv AI

Tracing the Heart: An Evidence-Linked Pipeline for Heart-Failure Feature Engineering

arXiv:2608. 06366v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Electronic health record (EHR) feature engineering is a major bottleneck in clinical research and AI, accounting for 39-45% of data scientists' workload.

arXiv AI
Jun 11

Human-Guided Agentic AI for Multimodal Clinical Prediction: Lessons from the AgentDS Healthcare Benchmark

arXiv:2602. 19502v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Agentic AI systems are increasingly capable of autonomous data science workflows, yet clinical prediction tasks demand domain expertise that purely automated approaches struggle to provide.

By Lalitha Pranathi Pulavarthy, Raajitha Muthyala, Aravind V Kuruvikkattil, Zhenan Yin, Rashmita Kudamala, Saptarshi Purkayastha
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 28

Beyond Local Inspection: Global, Guideline-Grounded Evaluation of Post-hoc XAI Methods for ECG Classification

arXiv:2607. 24035v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Explainable AI (XAI) is used to assess whether artificial intelligence models rely on meaningful patterns, yet explanations that appear plausible for individual predictions may systematically misrepresent model behavior.

By Nils Gumpfer, Michael Guckert, Samuel Sossalla, Birgit A{\ss}mus, Jennifer Hannig
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 21

ECG-LLM: Foundation Model for ECG-Based Cardiac Reasoning

arXiv:2607. 16323v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Electrocardiography (ECG) is an inexpensive, standard-of-care test for cardiac symptoms, but front-line triage often lacks immediate access to definitive imaging such as echocardiography (ECHO) or cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).

By Alexander Selivanov, Friederike Jungmann, Jan Kehrer, Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz, Eimo Martens, Daniel Rueckert
arXiv AI
Sep 2

AI Morbidity and Mortality: A Framework for Clinical AI Failure Review

AI Morbidity and Mortality (AI M&M) is a structured, blameless framework designed to review clinical AI failures. It combines standardized case intake, evidence preservation, investigator reconstruction, tool‑in‑loop attribution, and corrective‑action tracking, classifying each event across four linked dimensions: Trigger, Mechanism, Clinical Pathway, and Corrective Action. The authors demonstrate the framework with five outpatient medication and clinical decision‑support cases, achieving full agreement among reviewers on all classification axes.

By Paulius Mui, Dean F. Sittig, Steve Labkoff, Sanjay Basu
arXiv AI
Aug 25

MACD: Multi-Agent Clinical Diagnosis with Self-Learned Knowledge for LLM

The paper introduces MACD, a Multi-Agent Clinical Diagnosis framework that enables large language models to self‑learn clinical knowledge through a multi‑agent pipeline of summarization, refinement, and application. MACD is extended into a human‑AI collaborative workflow where multiple diagnostician agents consult iteratively, guided by a judge agent and human oversight. Evaluation on the MIMIC‑MACD cohort shows significant gains in diagnostic accuracy—an average 11.6 percentage‑point improvement over authoritative knowledge for open‑weight LLMs and an 18.3‑percentage‑point boost over physician‑only diagnosis in text‑only vignettes.

By Wenliang Li, Rui Yan, Xu Zhang, Li Chen, Hongji Zhu, Jing Zhao, Junjun Li, Mengru Li, Wei Cao, Zihang Jiang, Wei Wei, Kun Zhang, Shaohua Kevin Zhou
arXiv AI
Jul 1

HealthAgentBench: A Unified Benchmark Suite of Realistic Agentic Healthcare Environments for Challenging Frontier AI Agents

arXiv:2606. 31179v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As AI agents become increasingly capable of complex, long-horizon reasoning, rigorous and holistic evaluation is essential for measuring progress toward real-world healthcare applications.

By Qianchu Liu, Sheng Zhang, Guanghui Qin, Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu, Maximilian Rokuss, Mingyu Lu, Timothy Ossowski, Juan Manuel Zambrano Chaves, Cliff Wong, Peniel Argaw, Yashna Hasija, Mu Wei, Wen-wai Yim, Qin Liu, Zilin Jing, Jason Entenmann, Naoto Usuyama, Tristan Naumann, Hoifung Poon