arXiv Machine Learning

Untrained CNNs Match Backpropagation at V1: A Systematic RSA Comparison of Four Learning Rules Against Human fMRI

arXiv:2604. 16875v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: CORRECTION (August 2026): an evaluation-mode defect affected the predictive-coding and STDP conditions of this study; those results should not be used pending re-computation.

arXiv AI
Sep 24

AI-Driven Neural Surrogates for In Silico Design of Cognitive-Affective Neuromodulation Targets

arXiv:2609.27729v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In neuropsychiatry, the primary goal is often not only to decode brain activity but to change it, for example to lessen a negative affective bias or...

By Marco Rothermel, Madleen Stenger, Soroush Daftarian, Svenja Jule Francke, Bita Shariatpanahi, Jos\'e C. Garc\'ia Alanis, Mohammad-Ali Nikouei Mahani, Stefan G. Hofmann, Tim Hahn, Hamidreza Jamalabadi
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 18

Genetic algorithm vs. gradient descent for training a neural network architecture dedicated to low data regimes in small medical datasets

The paper compares genetic algorithm (GA) and gradient descent (GD) training for a distance‑encoding biomorphic‑informational neural network (DEBI‑NN) designed for low‑data medical datasets. A spatial backpropagation scheme was implemented for GD, and both optimizers were evaluated on synthetic, radiomic, and fetal cardiotocography datasets. Across all experiments, GA consistently outperformed GD, achieving higher classification accuracy and more stable decision boundaries, while GD struggled with the interdependent spatial parameters of DEBI‑NN.

By Amine Boukhari, Boglarka Ecsedi, Laszlo Papp, Mathieu Hatt