Verifier-guided reinforcement learning has become a powerful paradigm for improving LLM reasoning. In multi-turn settings, models receive a verifier score after each turn and iteratively refine their outputs.
arXiv:2608. 05987v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) with verifiable rewards constructs trajectory-level advantage estimates, yet it often fails to credit the few pivotal decisions that determine outcomes in long-horizon, multi-turn agentic tasks.
arXiv:2603. 21563v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Collaborative multi-agent large language models (LLMs) can solve complex reasoning tasks by decomposing roles, but reinforcement learning for such systems is limited by credit assignment: shared terminal rewards obscure individual contributions and can encourage free-riding.
arXiv:2510. 05592v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Outcome-driven reinforcement learning has advanced reasoning in large language models (LLMs), but prevailing tool-augmented approaches train a single, monolithic policy that interleaves thoughts and tool calls under full context; this scales poorly with long horizons and diverse tools and generalizes weakly to new scenarios.
arXiv:2606. 09348v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon agentic tasks pose a fundamental credit assignment challenge for outcome-base reinforcement learning: trajectory-level rewards verify final correctness but provide limited guidance on which intermediate reasoning steps or tool interactions contribute to the outcome.
arXiv:2603. 06194v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs) has shown strong performance in single-turn tasks, but extending it to multi-turn interaction remains challenging due to sparse rewards and poor per-turn credit assignment.
arXiv:2608. 16156v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon large language model (LLM) agents are typically optimized with sparse terminal outcomes, making fine-grained credit assignment across multi-step interactions difficult.
arXiv:2608. 04007v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) enables LLMs to solve complex tasks through iterative tool interactions.
arXiv:2607. 13988v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-turn agents solve complex tasks through extended sequences of tool interactions before producing a final answer, making credit assignment a fundamental challenge during post-training.
arXiv:2608. 13179v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) offers a verifier-bounded performance ceiling for training multi-turn tool-use agents, yet its trajectory-level credit assignment conflates heterogeneous per-turn outcomes into a single reward signal.
arXiv:2608. 07147v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning with Verifiable Reward (RLVR) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training coding agents, where the execution feedback from compilation and tests provides objective verification.
arXiv:2608. 05102v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon search agents must make multiple sequential actions (steps) to search, retrieve, verify, and integrate evidence to reach a final answer.
arXiv:2605. 12969v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is one of the most widely adopted RLVR algorithms for post-training large language models on reasoning tasks.