arXiv AI

Signals Are Not States: Neuro-Symbolic Safeguards for Culturally Aware Classroom AI

arXiv:2603. 22793v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Classroom AI systems increasingly infer high-level educational states such as engagement, confusion, collaboration, participation, and instructional quality from multimodal and linguistic signals.

arXiv AI
Aug 17

The Metacognitive Bottleneck: Japanese Riddles Reveal Fundamental Limits of Machine Insight and Self-Evaluation in Reasoning AI

arXiv:2509. 14704v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Benchmark saturation and training-data contamination increasingly obscure whether reported gains in large language models (LLMs) reflect genuine advances in reasoning or familiarity with recurring patterns in benchmark problems.

By Masaharu Mizumoto, Dat Nguyen, Zhiheng Han, Xingfu Li, Yo Nakawake, Le Minh Nguyen
arXiv AI
Jun 16

Metacognitive Myopia in Large Language Models

arXiv:2408. 05568v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit potentially harmful biases that reinforce culturally embedded stereotypes, influence moral judgments, or amplify positive evaluations of majority groups.

By Florian Scholten, Tobias R. Rebholz, Mandy H\"utter
arXiv AI
Aug 18

Enhancing Science Classroom Discourse Analysis through Joint Multi-Task Learning for Reasoning-Component Classification

arXiv:2604. 21137v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Analyzing the reasoning patterns of students in science classrooms is critical for understanding knowledge construction mechanism and improving instructional practice to maximize cognitive engagement, yet manual coding of classroom discourse at scale remains prohibitively labor-intensive.

By Jiho Noh, Mukhesh Raghava Katragadda, Raymond Carl, Soon Lee
arXiv AI
Jul 2

Adversarial Pragmatics for AI Safety Evaluation: A Benchmark for Instruction Conflict, Embedded Commands, and Policy Ambiguity

arXiv:2607. 01153v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Safety evaluations for language models increasingly depend on judgments about ambiguous natural-language behaviour: whether a model has followed an instruction, refused appropriately, complied with a policy, resisted an embedded command, or misreported progress in an agentic task.

By Brett Reynolds
arXiv AI
Sep 16

OPD-Aha: From Linguistic Momentum to Visual Reflection in Multimodal On-Policy Distillation

OPD‑Aha is a privileged on‑policy distillation method that improves multimodal reasoning by reconstructing the distillation target from the teacher’s isolated visual preference instead of relying on fragile teacher‑student discrepancies. It suppresses continuations that contradict the image, encouraging students to interrupt flawed reasoning with reflection tokens such as "wait" and "actually." This approach leads to consistent improvements across fine‑grained perception and complex multimodal reasoning benchmarks.

By Chenhao Qiu, Dawei Li, Yechao Zhang, Lei Gong, Zhen Tan