This paper proposes the Bayesian Expected Uncertainty Reduction (B-EUR) model, which formalizes the value of trying a candidate design action as its expected reduction of epistemic uncertainty about action--outcome relations. The model addresses one part of the Uncertainty Driven Action (UDA) model's open question concerning how changes in uncertainty perception determine action selection.
arXiv:2606. 19353v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In-Context Learning (ICL) allows LLMs to adapt to new tasks from a few demonstrations, but its reliability remains a concern: predictions are highly sensitive to both prompt design and the model's ability to understand the context, obscuring whether failures arise from data properties or model limitations.
By Jinseok Chung, Minkyoung Song, Hyunji Jung, Namhoon Lee
arXiv:2607. 14817v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Current evaluation of epistemic uncertainty relies on tasks such as out-ofdistribution detection and active learning.
By Jakub Paplh\'am, Willem Waegeman, Eyke H\"ullermeier, Vojt\v{e}ch Franc
arXiv:2606. 19328v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Preference-based RL provides an approach to learning reward models from pairwise comparisons of behaviors, bypassing the need for explicit reward design.
By Mohamed Nabail, Leo Cheng, Jingmin Wang, Nicholas Rhinehart
arXiv:2607. 26845v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inference-time thinking improves the performance of large language models, but aggregate outcomes do not reveal whether models use available evidence more effectively or seek information that could improve future decisions.
By Hua-Dong Xiong, Xinyuan Yan, Ji-An Li, Jingming Xue, Marcelo G. Mattar, Robert C. Wilson
Inference-time thinking improves the performance of large language models, but aggregate outcomes do not reveal whether models use available evidence more effectively or seek information that could improve future decisions. We distinguish these responses by measuring action preference, thinking length, and reported confidence under matched uncertainty.
arXiv:2608. 16428v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Artificial intelligence systems often disclose uncertainty, yet they rarely make clear what response that uncertainty should trigger.
By Chisom Anyabolu, Akshat Dubey, Georges Hattab
arXiv:2607. 28894v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Computational cognitive modeling seeks to infer latent cognitive mechanisms underlying observed behavior.
By Manisha Dubey, Rimvydas Rubavicius, N. Siddharth, Subramanian Ramamoorthy
arXiv:2508. 08992v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Real-world decision-making often involves uncertainty expressed in linguistic rather than numerical terms, and Prospect Theory (PT) provides a classic framework for modeling human behavior under such uncertainty.
By Rui Wang, Qihan Lin, Jiayu Liu, Qing Zong, Tianshi Zheng, Dadi Guo, Haochen Shi, Peixuan Han, Weiqi Wang, Yangqiu Song
arXiv:2606. 15877v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) improves large language models' performance in math and symbolic reasoning.
By Alex Bogdan
arXiv:2606. 04845v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sequential decision-making problems are often modelled as a Markov decision process (MDP).
By Chon Wai Ho, Sumeetpal S. Singh, Jiaqi Guo
arXiv:2606. 15032v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: World models have become a central abstraction in modern AI.
By Yang Yu, Shiyuan Zhang, Yifei Sheng, Haoxiang Ren, Haoxin Lin