Mobile GUI agents remain brittle when deployed to applications absent from source training. We study novel-app generalization under a limited target interaction budget and without target demonstrations.
JarvisGUI is a new benchmark that tests GUI agents on cross-device workflows involving Android, Windows, and Ubuntu, requiring transfer of intermediate results and coordination across heterogeneous platforms. It formulates tasks as input-output transformations under a lightweight type system, enabling automatic composition of multi-step, cross-device workflows and dynamic evaluation within a unified framework. The benchmark reveals that state-of-the-art open-source GUI agents struggle with state-transfer awareness, cross-platform contextual reasoning, and long-horizon dependency management, exposing a critical capability gap invisible to existing benchmarks.
By Zixiang Chen, Yuheng Lu, Zihao Cheng, Zeming Liu, Jizeng Bai, Ziye Huang, Zhiyin Lin, Zihan Li, Yuhang Guo, Yunhong Wang, Haifeng Wang
Autonomous mobile GUI agents require accurate action reflection for reliable long-horizon execution. Existing approaches rely on open-ended multimodal reasoning after each action, which is costly and poorly matched to the structured nature of GUI state transitions.
APPSim-Bench is a new benchmark for mobile GUI agents that uses controllable simulated apps to balance realism and reproducibility. It includes 557 tasks across 17 popular Chinese and English apps, with a coding-agent-assisted and human-verified workflow that ensures deterministic evaluation. Evaluation of 19 agents shows that autonomous mobile execution is still far from perfect, with the best model completing only 50.27% of tasks and many failures in longer workflows and numerical reasoning.
By Jintian Feng, Long Chen, Xiao Yu, Jiayi Dai, Chenglong Liu, Haoru Wang, Zizhen Xue, Yuxuan Shi, Ziyang Wang, Yichen Gong
The paper introduces GMA, a new benchmark for evaluating general mobile assistants in realistic, challenging scenarios. GMA expands on existing benchmarks by offering seven open‑source applications across diverse domains and 300 tasks organized into four difficulty tiers, ranging from simple actions to complex multi‑step workflows. The authors evaluate eight state‑of‑the‑art models, showing that performance drops sharply with task complexity, and conduct ablation studies on harness design—such as context retention and state tracking—to demonstrate how these choices can improve outcomes, especially for demanding workflows.
By Yiqi Zhu, Feiyu Gao, Jiaxing Fan, Jiahui Zeng, Minggang Wu, Chenliang Li, Haiyang Xu, Peng Li, Ming Yan, Yang Liu
Mobile GUI agents can execute tasks from natural-language instructions, but their evaluation remains difficult to make both realistic and reproducible. Existing benchmarks typically trade off these go...
arXiv:2608. 05587v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous mobile GUI agents require accurate action reflection for reliable long-horizon execution.
By Linqiang Guo (Peter), Wei Liu (Peter), Li Gu (Peter), Yang Wang (Peter), Tse-Hsun (Peter), Chen
Vision-Language Models (VLMs) based GUI agents stand to benefit significantly from online reinforcement learning (RL). However, their training is bottlenecked by two fundamental issues: current data s...
arXiv:2605. 29486v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: A central bottleneck for phone-use agents is that controllable, reproducible environments covering real mobile behavior are hard to build at scale.
By Yuxuan Liu, Xin Lai, Junyi Li, Pengyuan Lyu, Jason, Yiduo Guo, Zhengyao Fang, Yang Ding, Yi Zhang, Weinong Wang, Huawen Shen, Xingran Zhou, Liang Wu, Fei Tang, Sunqi Fan, Shangpin Peng, Zheng Ruan, Anran Zhang, Chengquan Zhang, Han Hu, Benyou Wang, Ji-Rong Wen, Rui Yan, Zhengyang Tang
arXiv:2608.22847v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) based GUI agents stand to benefit significantly from online reinforcement learning (RL). However, their training is bottl...
By Long Zhang, Yuhan Chen, Chaoran Zhang, Wanxia Cao, Kun Huang, Pengzhi Gao, Wei Liu, Jian Luan, Chenliang Li, Lixin Zou
arXiv:2609.12394v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Mobile GUI agents are shifting from multi-module frameworks to native models trained end-to-end, yet industrial deployment faces three persistent g...
By Tong Ye, Kunyang Han, Guozhi Wang, Longqiang Luo, Zhifeng Ding, Yongxiang Zhang, Xiaolei Shen, Yuxuan Zhang, Zhuping Zhang, Tao Xu, Yue Pan, Yucheng Zhao, Yupei Hu, Yuanjiang Ouyang, Danfeng Shen, Runqi Lin, Hongda Cai, Zhaoxiong Wang, Mengjia Yan, Yingjie Zhong, Chen Zhou, Zeyu Zhang, Xuwen Zhu, Penggang Shi, Mingcheng Luo, Ziyang Wu, Min Jin, Mingfu Shen, Zairong Xu, Fan Zhang, Hao Wang, Liang Liu, Zhulin Xie, Lijun Yao, Xiao Liang, Liangmin Wen, Liqiang Feng, Feilong Wu, Min Hu, Min Chen, Guanjing Xiong, Xiaohu Ruan, Xiaoxin Chen
arXiv:2608. 05891v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mobile GUI agents can operate apps through pixel perception and touch actions, making them a promising interface for collecting and improving long-horizon mobile interaction policies.
By Weikai Xu, Yunren Feng, Haoxiang Lei, Kun Huang, Yuxuan Liu, Kang Zhao, Xiaolin Hu, Shuo Shang, Bo An