arXiv Machine Learning

Cross-Generational Transfer of Adversarial Attacks Reveals Non-Monotonic Safety Alignment in LLMs

arXiv:2606. 00813v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Safety alignment in LLMs does not improve monotonically across model generations.

arXiv AI
Aug 26

ADVERSA: Measuring Multi-Turn Guardrail Degradation and Judge Reliability in Large Language Models

The paper introduces ADVERSA, an automated red‑teaming framework that evaluates large language model safety over multiple turns by tracking continuous compliance trajectories instead of binary jailbreak outcomes. Using a fine‑tuned 70B attacker model and a structured 5‑point rubric, the authors conduct controlled experiments on three frontier victim models, measuring guardrail degradation and judge reliability through a triple‑judge consensus. Results show a 26.7% jailbreak rate with most breaches occurring early, and the study documents inter‑judge agreement, attacker drift, and attacker refusals as key factors affecting safety assessment.

By Harry Owiredu-Ashley
arXiv AI
Jun 6

Domain-Conditioned Safety in Frontier Computer-Using Agents: A 793-Episode Browser Benchmark, a Coding-Domain Cross-Reference, and a Reproducibility Audit of Recent Red-Teaming

arXiv:2606. 05233v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent computer-using-agent (CUA) red-teaming papers report prompt-injection attack success rates (ASR) of 42-98%, but these headline numbers cluster on retired models and on the most-vulnerable model in each paper's panel.

By Nicholas Saban
arXiv AI
Sep 2

EvoFlint: An Evolutionary Atlas of Multi-Turn LLM Vulnerabilities

EvoFlint is an evolutionary atlas that maps multi‑turn vulnerabilities in large language models by treating attack discovery as a search problem rather than a generation task. It uses evolutionary quality‑diversity search to evolve phased conversation plans, employing Pareto fitness for success rate and severity, novelty search for diversity, and a generation‑level memory to incorporate model insights. The resulting risk‑indexed archive, tested on HarmBench, shows high attack success rates across models such as Claude Sonnet, GPT‑5, and Qwen3, revealing which harm categories each model’s safety training covers or misses.

By Feitong Qiao, Liren Peng, Shiming Ren, Aishwarya Jadhav, Arghavan Bahadorinejad, Marinette Chen, Muhan Zhang, Abdulaziz Suria, Gennevi Lu, Anish Das Sarma
arXiv AI
Jun 11

Are Frontier LLMs Ready for Cybersecurity? Evidence for Vertical Foundation Models from Dual-Mode Vulnerability Benchmarks

arXiv:2605. 23243v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We evaluate whether frontier LLMs are ready for cybersecurity through a dual-mode benchmark: white-box function-level vulnerability detection (VulnLLM-R, across C/Java/Python) and black-box web application security testing (five production-style applications with 118 ground-truth vulnerabilities across 20+ CWE families, which we will open-source).

By Vivek Dahiya, Sunny Nehra, Vipul Dholariya, Bhavik Shangari, Chandra Khatri
arXiv AI
Aug 11

Yesterday's Shield, Today's Spear: A Self-Evolving Safety Guardrail in Production

arXiv:2608. 08471v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deployed LLM safety guardrails are predominantly static: trained once and frozen at release, while new jailbreak techniques and previously un-addressed harmful categories emerge within days, leaving the defense perpetually a step behind.

By Cong Ming, Jingyi Chen, Bin Liu, Qi Chu, Tao Gong, Nenghai Yu, Yingfei Xiang
arXiv AI
Aug 18

SysEvolve: An AI-native, safe, autonomous adversarial attack-defense co-evolutionary system

arXiv:2608. 15012v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has created a growing asymmetry in cybersecurity, where attack accelerates toward autonomous execution while defense remains predominantly human-intensive.

By Yuhan Meng, Shaofei Li, Jionghao Huang, Jiandong Jin, Puyi Wang, Hanlin Jiang, Anis Yusof, Peng Jiang, Zhenkai Liang, Yao Guo, Ding Li