arXiv:2606. 00219v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We are witnessing a surge in observations of the cosmic dawn (CD) and epoch of reionisation (EoR), driving an increasing demand for fast and robust theoretical interpretation frameworks.
arXiv:2512. 10222v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Semi-analytic models are a widely used approach to simulate galaxy properties within a cosmological framework, relying on simplified yet physically motivated prescriptions.
arXiv:2605.29016v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We investigate conditional diffusion modeling for three-dimensional 21 cm lightcone emulation, focusing on cubes with a sky-plane size of $64...
The paper demonstrates that a self‑supervised Vision Transformer (ViT) pretrained on a fast, low‑cost semi‑numerical simulator can produce data summaries that transfer across different simulators without retraining. In 21cm cosmology, the ViT—named SKATR—pretrained on 67,000 21cmFAST lightcones is applied unchanged to hydrodynamical Loreli II lightcones, enabling accurate inference of five astrophysical parameters with fewer radiative‑transfer simulations than a fully‑supervised baseline. SKATR remains accurate, informative, and calibrated even under realistic SKA antenna array noise, outperforming supervised models retrained on noisy data.
arXiv:2607. 27320v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Field-level inference of cosmological initial conditions from galaxy surveys requires a forward model that is simultaneously accurate in the non-linear regime, computationally efficient, and fully differentiable.
arXiv:2606. 07771v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Foundation models for astronomical surveys offer powerful learned representations that can be transferred to downstream regression tasks such as galaxy property estimation.
The paper introduces NS‑Flows, a flow‑based nested sampling method that replaces Markov‑chain updates with a conditional normalizing flow trained on live sets. By applying this technique to a Lennard‑Jones particle system, the authors achieve over two orders of magnitude fewer energy evaluations and a roughly one‑third reduction in wall‑clock time compared to traditional nested sampling. The study also shows that the flow’s generation efficiency varies non‑monotonically along the annealing trajectory, providing a diagnostic of the system’s internal mode complexity and identifying liquid‑like ensembles as the most challenging for current flow architectures.
The paper presents a fully automated method for reconstructing the surface mass density of galaxy clusters using photometry and gravitational lensing data. It introduces DarkClusters-15k, a benchmark dataset of 15,000 simulated clusters with paired mass and photometry maps across multiple redshifts and simulation frameworks. By training a diffusion prior on this dataset, the authors generate posterior samples constrained by weak- and strong-lensing observables, achieving accurate, physics‑guided reconstructions with well‑calibrated uncertainties in minutes.
arXiv:2606. 18464v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Detecting the tiny Doppler shifts induced by Earth-mass planets in stellar radial-velocity measurements remains extremely challenging due to stellar activity.
arXiv:2609.09011v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The local dark matter density determines the strength of the signal expected in direct-detection experiments, yet published estimates from stellar mo...
arXiv:2606. 23766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The detection and atmospheric characterization of exoplanets have entered a new data-intensive era driven by the James Webb Space Telescope and the upcoming Ariel mission.
arXiv:2606. 10023v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate posterior estimation is central to scientific inference, as uncertainties determine what can be reliably learned from observational data.
The study presents a deep‑learning approach (YOLOv11) trained on SDSS images to distinguish genuine dual active galactic nuclei (DAGN) from chance superpositions and foreground stars in the GOTHIC survey. Applying the model to 46,061 previously rejected candidates yields 29,605 dual‑nucleus candidates, with 54.5–62 % likely genuine, and a conservative subset of ~13,672 compact systems. The resulting catalogue refines the DAGN candidate list, reducing contamination and expanding the plausible census, though spectroscopic confirmation remains needed.