arXiv Machine Learning

Entropy Minimization without Model Collapse: Mitigating Prediction Bias in Medical Imaging

arXiv:2606. 02339v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Entropy minimization (EM) is the dominant objective for test-time adaptation, yet its failure mode, model collapse, remains poorly understood.

arXiv AI
Jul 7

Comparison of Loss Functions for Robust Deep Learning-based Echocardiography Segmentation when Learning with Partially Labelled Data from Multiple Domains

arXiv:2607. 05008v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Echocardiography is the first imaging modality used for assessing cardiac function, and accurate segmentation of cardiac structures is essential for deriving biomarkers.

By Iman Islam, Esther Puyol-Ant\'on, Bram Ruijsink, Andrew J. Reader, Andrew P. King
arXiv Computer Vision
Aug 25

Extending the Horizon of Early Diagnosis: Lung Cancer Prediction with Vision Transformers

arXiv:2608.21571v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and early diagnosis is critical for improving survival. However, early-stage...

By Olivera Kotevska, Ian Goethert, Michael McGee, Maria Mahbub, Sean R. Wilkinson, Rowena Yip, Myvizhi Esai Selvan, Zeynep H. Gumus, Claudia Henschke, Robert J. Klein, Providencia Morales, Samuel M Aguayo, Ioana Danciu, Mayanka Chandrashekar
arXiv AI
Sep 16

Beyond In-Distribution Metrics: A Systematic Out-of-Distribution Evaluation of Congenital Heart Disease Segmentation

The paper presents the first systematic evaluation of out‑of‑distribution generalization for congenital heart disease (CHD) segmentation, using the ImageCHD cohort as a held‑out target. It compares several segmentation architectures under different training regimes, showing that in‑distribution performance is a poor predictor of cross‑cohort robustness: nnU‑Net drops from 0.77 to 0.51 Dice, while SwinUNETR maintains higher performance at 0.67 Dice. Limited target‑domain adaptation with only 11 labeled ImageCHD cases boosts all SwinUNETR variants above 0.76 Dice, highlighting the importance of explicit cross‑dataset testing.

By Aniketh Vijesh, Shrisharanyan Vasu, Abhijit Ramesh, Clare Pomeroy-Ward, Harikrishnan Anil Maya, Sarin Xavier, Mahesh Kappanayil, Gilad Gressel