arXiv Machine Learning

Multi-Label Sentiment Analysis on 100 Languages with Dynamic Weighting for Label Imbalance

The paper presents a multi‑label sentiment analysis framework that follows Plutchik’s wheel of emotions and is applicable to 100 languages. It introduces a dynamic weighting scheme to balance class contributions during training, adapts focal loss for harder instances, and derives a linear‑time method for selecting optimal class‑specific thresholds to maximize macro‑F1. Experiments show state‑of‑the‑art performance across multiple languages and metrics, and the authors release the code publicly.

arXiv Computation and Language
2d ago

Steering with Multilingual Lexicons for Sentiment Control in Low-Resource Languages

The paper proposes using multilingual sentiment lexicons to steer language models for sentiment control, especially in low-resource languages. It finds that aggregated multilingual lexicons outperform English-derived steering vectors for mid- and low-resource languages, while monolingual lexicons are still best for languages the model was pre-trained on. The study also explains how representational density, pre-training priors, and architectural biases affect steering effectiveness, noting that large English vectors can cause linguistic collapse in low-resource settings but this is mitigated by norm-dampening in multilingual aggregation.

By Lucinda Laurent, Muhammad Dehan Al Kautsar, Alfan Farizki Wicaksono, Fajri Koto
arXiv Computation and Language
2d ago

Sentiment sensing: comparative analysis of multilingual sentiment dynamics

The paper introduces "sentiment sensing," a framework designed to overcome key obstacles in cross‑country sentiment analysis, such as language‑specific biases, compositional data constraints, and the lack of rigorous testing for temporal dynamics. It integrates compositional data analysis, functional data methods, and non‑parametric inference to allow valid multilingual comparisons and statistically defensible detection of sentiment shifts. The authors demonstrate the framework in two case studies, analyzing news articles from all 27 EU member states on energy and artificial intelligence topics.

By Mara Sabina Bernardi, Elisa Di Nuovo, Francesca Torti, Giuseppe Tirone, Nicolas Stefanovitch, Zsuzsanna Pasztor, Charles Macmillan, Domenico Perrotta, Bertrand De Longueville
arXiv AI
Aug 25

ProBel: Propaganda Detection with Techniques, Spans, and Explanations

ProBel is a bilingual Arabic and English resource for propaganda detection that aligns binary labels, multi-label annotations for 23 propaganda techniques grouped into six categories, technique-labeled spans, and reference explanations for news sentences. The dataset supports matched binary, coarse-grained, multi-label, and span-level tasks in both languages, and the authors evaluate zero‑shot prompting, task‑specific fine‑tuning, and joint training. A single bilingual multi‑task model achieves the best overall performance, with cross‑task analysis revealing that joint classification preserves binary performance while span‑only training can weaken sentence‑level prediction, and that joint bilingual training yields the most stable results.

By Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi, Ali Ezzat Shahroor, Elisa Sartori, Giovanni Da San Martino, Firoj Alam
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 27

KESA: A Knowledge Enhanced Approach For Sentiment Analysis

The paper introduces KESA, a knowledge‑enhanced approach for sentence‑level sentiment analysis that incorporates sentiment knowledge through two auxiliary tasks: sentiment word cloze and conditional sentiment prediction. These tasks use prior sentiment polarity to guide the selection of sentiment words and the prediction of overall sentiment, respectively, and explore label combination methods to unify multiple label types. Experiments show that KESA consistently outperforms pre‑trained models and complements existing knowledge‑enhanced post‑training methods.

By Qinghua Zhao, Shuai Ma, Shuo Ren
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 24

MIL-BERT: Classification of Arbitrarily Large Text with Performance and Explanatory Guarantees

MIL-BERT is a neural network algorithm that classifies large texts by selecting relevant excerpts, inspired by multiple instance learning. It scales to samples with nearly 1 million tokens and has been evaluated on seven datasets, achieving state‑of‑the‑art results on three long‑text tasks such as political bias detection, trigger warning identification, and author demographic inference. The model also generalizes from weakly‑labeled text bags to accurately classify smaller instances.

By John Cadigan, Dayne Freitag, Eric Yeh