The study examined 3,757 Welsh settlements to determine whether place names encode measurable environmental information. Using a 24‑element lexical framework, researchers compared settlements with high‑terrain elements (e.g., *bryn*, *mynydd*) to those with low‑terrain elements (e.g., *cwm*, *pant*), finding that high‑terrain names were located on average 24.4 m higher than their 2‑km surroundings. Adding terrain‑name polarity to spatial models improved predictive accuracy by up to 7.3 % across various spatial blocking schemes, though results varied by region and were limited by residual spatial structure and lack of external replication.
By Oktay Karaku\c{s}, Can Eyupoglu
arXiv:2608. 06884v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Biological specimen records collected by natural history institutions constitute a rich source of temporal geographic knowledge, capturing biodiversity information about regional landscapes as they were recorded at different times.
By Aneesha Fernando, Surangika Ranathunga, Kristin Stock, Raj Prasanna, Christopher B. Jones
arXiv:2606. 08046v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present OSMGraphCLIP, a CLIP-style geospatial representation model that learns global location embeddings from freely available OpenStreetMap (OSM) data.
By Dimitrios Michail, Eleni Saka, Ioannis Giannopoulos, Ioannis Papoutsis
arXiv:2608. 12663v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Wildfire susceptibility mapping typically relies on physical variables assembled from multiple remote-sensing, climate, and geospatial products.
By Yuan Zhuang, Sanaa Hobeichi, Peng Shi, Fei Huang
PlaceSeek is a human‑centered geospatial retrieval framework that maps natural‑language queries to street‑view images by decomposing queries into functional and affective sub‑intents. It uses a Semantic Grounding Module to verify that candidate images contain the physical evidence needed for the intended activity, and an Affective Alignment Module to re‑rank these candidates based on human urban perception judgments. Evaluated on 31,956 Milan street‑view locations, PlaceSeek achieves high precision and ranking metrics, outperforming several vision‑language baselines and demonstrating the importance of both physical grounding and affective alignment for complex urban spatial queries.
By Ziqi Cui, Shangyu Lou
GeoRisk-RAG is a hierarchy‑aware framework that improves the reliability of Retrieval‑Augmented Generation (RAG) by incorporating geographic validity. It estimates geographic applicability using a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)‑based distance during context retrieval, enabling selective answering. Experiments on a wildfire‑related QA dataset show that GeoRisk‑RAG reduces false confidence rates from ~0.090 to 0.009 and aligns better with human preferences.
By Meenu Ravi, Shailik Sarkar, Lulwah AlKulaib, Yordanos Tessema, Chang-Tien Lu
arXiv:2605. 03383v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Geological interpretation infers subsurface properties and structures from indirect geophysical observations.
By Xiaoyu Tao, Mingyue Cheng, Jiahao Wang, Yitong Zhou, Qingyang Mao, Yimin Dou, Qi Liu, Shijin Wang, Enhong Chen
arXiv:2607. 24784v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Specialised translation relies on the use of documentary and terminological resources, including corpora.
By Joachim Minder (ALTAE), Guillaume Wisniewski (LLF - UMR7110), Natalie K\"ubler (ALTAE)
arXiv:2411. 05359v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Comprehensive agricultural landscape understanding is critical for addressing global challenges in food security, climate change, and resource management.
By Radhika Dua, Aditi Agarwal, Aishwarya Jayagopal, Depanshu Sani, Alex Wilson, Hoang Tran, Ishan Deshpande, Bogdan Floristean, Neelabh Goyal, Ramya Cheruvu, Vishal Batchu, Yan Mayster, Gaurav Aggarwal, Alok Talekar, Vaibhav Rajan
arXiv:2608. 00877v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Remote-sensing multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often assert facts that imagery cannot establish, such as a facility's identity or function.
By Xuechen Li
Open-vocabulary Earth observation (EO) aims to localize geospatial concepts specified in natural language rather than a fixed label set. Existing benchmarks, however, usually cover narrow category vocabularies or limited query forms.
arXiv:2606. 28369v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Semantic search and recommendation of similar documents, such as news and reports about unusual environmental events (e.
By Yuanyuan Tian, Wenwen Li, Xiao Chen, Michael Brook, Michael Brubaker, Anna Liljedahl, Chitta Baral