arXiv:2607. 17469v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A randomized algorithm may terminate almost surely even though exceptional random tapes make it run forever.
arXiv:2607. 07423v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We prove that, in the realizable PAC setting, the sample complexity of exact-trace learning for full autoregressive Chain-of-Thought traces is upper bounded by the standard multiclass rate of the local next-token class, where this rate is governed by the Daniely--Shalev-Shwartz dimension.
arXiv:2606. 29331v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scientific discovery via symbolic regression is often viewed as statistically and computationally intractable because the hypothesis space of expressions grows combinatorially with depth.
arXiv:2608. 02533v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We construct unambiguous DNFs having width $O(n)$ but $0$-certificate complexity $\Omega(n^2)$.
arXiv:2607. 23500v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Razborov's flag algebra method is a powerful tool for proving asymptotic inequalities in extremal graph theory, often reducing the task to finding a finite certificate by semidefinite programming.
arXiv:2509. 15822v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Predictions from statistical physics postulate that recovery of the communities in the Stochastic Block Model (SBM) with a fixed number $K$ of communities is possible in polynomial time above, and only above, the Kesten-Stigum (KS) threshold.
arXiv:2606. 15712v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We ask a structural question: given unreliable elementary problem-solvers, what organizations of them solve hard problems reliably, and what are the limits?
arXiv:2607. 29496v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study transcript management for fixed, finite-precision causal Transformers.
arXiv:2608. 06762v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Bisimulation metrics quantify behavioral similarity in Markov decision processes, but their Wasserstein fixed-point operator updates every state pair and incurs quadratic pairwise work.
We construct unambiguous DNFs having width $O(n)$ but $0$-certificate complexity $Ω(n^2)$. By utilizing the special structure of these DNFs, we prove a lifting theorem with a constant-sized gadget that lifts the DNF to a communication problem, while losslessly translating the separation in certificate complexity to a separation in communication complexity.
arXiv:2606. 12502v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose that value -- the quantity goal-directed agents create, destroy, and exchange -- is a lawful structural quantity in the same category as information.
arXiv:2607. 21761v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We prove function-theoretic analogues of a quantitative result of Hodges on extracting the order property from a sufficiently large 2-tree coded in a binary relation.
arXiv:2507. 05972v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Pseudoentropy characterizations give quantitatively precise formulations of the relationship between computational hardness and computational randomness.